EarthStation1 MediaOutlet News: Today's 15% Off Specials & #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Titles At EarthStation1.com!

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Second Russian Revolution TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: Ukraine Constitution Day: -- Celebrates the date of the adoption of a new constitution in the Ukraine. On this day in 1996, the Ukrainian parliament - also known as 'Verkhovna Rada' - voted for the acceptance of the new document. Since then, Constitution Day has been celebrated as a national holiday every year. Ukraine was a member of the Soviet Union until 1991, and during that time it enacted four different constitutions - one of which being the Constitution of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was passed in 1978. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Ukraine waited another three years to hold a presidential election, which Leonid Kuchma won in 1994. In 1995, Kuchma signed a Constitutional Agreement and then established the Constitutional Commission, which would finally lead the Ukrainian parliament - the 'Verkhovna Rada' - to meet and approve the new constitution, in 1996. In a session without breaks that lasted for a whole day and a whole night, 315 deputies voted in favor of the renewed document, which would give Ukrainians more freedom of speech and human rights. Not only that but also progressively expanded the rights of private properties and defined Ukrainian as the only official language of the country. Ukraine Constitution Day became a work-free holiday right then and is even mentioned in the constitution itself - the only holiday to be mentioned in it. Constitutions are documents that state the main principles or precedents that make up the legalities of a country or even a company. These papers determine how these entities are to be governed and limit the amount of power a government or leader has, so as to not overpower the predefined fundamental rights. In other words, a constitution is a document that contains the most important laws of a country or company and cannot ever be overlooked. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-second-russian-revolution-6-dvd-set-complete-tv-serie6.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Legacy Of War: Amerasian Children Of The Vietnam War MP4 Download DVD
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: Vietnamese Family Day: -- A national holiday promulgated by Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia Khiem in 2001 and has been observed every year since then. This holiday celebrates the Vietnamese family and its core values, such as prosperity, equality, progression, and happiness. On this day, some cities in Vietnam promote festivals and different sorts of cultural and sportive activities for all families. There are also campaigns for gifting orphans and children in need. Vietnam is a country that is very connected to its core cultural values, based mainly on 'Confucianism' - which means that Vietnamese people are big fans of respect, education, harmony, and loyalty to family. In western countries, there's a tendency toward individualism, while in eastern countries - such as Vietnam - the trend is to see family as a unit in itself. Children are expected to look after their parents, besides treating them with uttermost respect. There's also an expectation for all members of the family to provide for the household. It's a tradition in Vietnamese culture for many generations of the same family to live under the same roof. Families can derogate a member who's not providing proper conditions for other household members and also announce their achievements to their community. It's also a tradition for the older male to be the head of the household and children are educated from a young age on 'filial piety' - which means that younger members of the family should treat older members with respect and care. To keep these cultural aspects alive in the mind of the people of Vietnam, in 2001, Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia Khiem promulgated the Vietnamese Family Day, which is to be celebrated every year on June 28. On this day families from all around the country gather to celebrate, whether it be at home or at festivals downtown. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/legacy-of-war-amerasian-children-of-the-vietnam-war-mp4-download-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Old Time Radio Children's Show MP3 MegaSet DVD, Download, USB Stick
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: Dream Big Day (UK): -- The sky is the limit when it comes to the dreams that children can have! It is the job of their teachers, parents, and other adults in their lives to help foster their dreams, encourage open minds, and assist them in building the skills they will need to contribute to the world in the future. Today children are encouraged to explore their interests, follow their passions and dream big about what the future might look like. It's an initiative meant to break down barriers, promote diversity, improve social mobility, and make the world a better, more inclusive place for anyone to aim high and achieve their dreams! This event encourages employers and companies in the UK to partner with primary schools that are interested in integrating career-minded lessons into their education. The hope behind Dream Big Day is that it will foster conversations and activities that inspire young minds to tear down the barriers that might stand in the way of them contributing to the world in a way that they are passionate about and prepared for! On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/old-time-radio-childrens-show-megaset-2-dual-layer-mp3-dvd-s23.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Before Stonewall The Making Of A Gay And Lesbian Community DVD MP4 USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: Christopher Street Day (Christopher Street Liberation Day, C.S.D., Stonewall Riots Anniversary Day): -- June 28, 1969: Sexuality: Homosexuality: LGBT Movements (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Movements): The Gay Liberation Movement (1969-1974): The Stonewall Riots (The Stonewall Uprising, The Stonewall Rebellion, Stonewall): -- The Stonewall Riots begin in New York City when a police raid takes place in the early morning hours at the Stonewall Inn on Christopher Street in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, sparking a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay (LGBT) community that are widely considered to constitute the single most important event leading to the gay liberation movement and the modern fight for LGBT rights in the United States. Gay Americans in the 1950s and 1960s faced an anti-gay legal system. Early homophile groups in the U.S. sought to prove that gay people could be assimilated into society, and they favored non-confrontational education for homosexuals and heterosexuals alike. The last years of the 1960s, however, were very contentious, as many social/political movements were active, including the civil rights movement, the counterculture of the 1960s, and the anti-Vietnam War movement. These influences, along with the liberal environment of Greenwich Village, served as catalysts for the Stonewall riots. Very few establishments welcomed openly gay people in the 1950s and 1960s. Those that did were often bars, although bar owners and managers were rarely gay. At the time, the Stonewall Inn was owned by the Mafia. It catered to an assortment of patrons and was known to be popular among the poorest and most marginalized people in the gay community: drag queens, transgender people, effeminate young men, butch lesbians, male prostitutes, and homeless youth. Police raids on gay bars were routine in the 1960s, but officers quickly lost control of the situation at the Stonewall Inn. Tensions between New York City police and gay residents of Greenwich Village erupted into more protests the next evening, and again several nights later. Within weeks, Village residents quickly organized into activist groups to concentrate efforts on establishing places for gays and lesbians to be open about their sexual orientation without fear of being arrested. After the Stonewall riots, gays and lesbians in New York City faced gender, race, class, and generational obstacles to becoming a cohesive community. Within six months, two gay activist organizations were formed in New York, concentrating on confrontational tactics, and three newspapers were established to promote rights for gays and lesbians. Within a few years, gay rights organizations were founded across the U.S. and the world. On June 28, 1970, the first gay pride marches took place in New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Chicago commemorating the anniversary of the riots. Similar marches were organized in other cities. Today, Gay Pride events are held annually throughout the world toward the end of June to mark the Stonewall riots. The Stonewall National Monument was established at the site in 2016. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/before-stonewall-the-making-of-a-gay-and-lesbian-community-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Mysteries Of The Great Pyramid DVD MP4 Download USB Flash Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: Tau Day (Two Pi Day is observed [3/14 x 2]): -- A celebration of the mathematical constant Tau, since the fraction 6/28, being June 28 in the month/day format, is twice Pi. Pi Day is observed on March 14 (3/14 in the month/day format). Once we know the story of this mathematical constant, we never look at a circle the same way again. Many people are aware that pi is the ratio of the circumference of any circle to the diameter of the circle, but there is a growing movement in favor of a new ratio taking its place - tau - considered more accurate than pi, despite pi's popularity. In an age of conspiracy suspicious, , there is even a rumored conspiracy that the powers that be are holding steadfast to the concept of pi. The first known use of tau was approximated by Archimedes in the third century. He was born in the Greek city-state of Syracuse on the island of Sicily. Archimedes was known as one of the greatest scientists of the classical age, who, among many other things, calculated pi to the most precise value known. Pi is defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter as is tau, but some believe that Archimedes' work would have been all the better if he had relied more on tau than pi. During the eighteenth century, Leonhard Euler used the Greek letter p to represent the ratio of pi, and for many years thereafter the formula of p remained the popularized formula of quintessential constant circle. The p formula helped people understand circles, triangles, and other principles of geometry. It was a useful device that served its purpose well, but a new voice would define it as inelegant a couple of centuries later. The tau movement was founded by the former University of Utah math professor Robert Palais who believed that tau simplified the math. Palais noticed that something was off with pi when calculating the sine of p/2 and the image he saw didn't add up to the calculations. From this, he knew that pi wasn't the way. Palais published his findings in a 2001 article titled "p is Wrong" in the "Mathematical Intelligencer." He noted that Euler went back and forth between tau and pi, but pi became the accepted constant. Palais then proposed that tau was a superior formula, and he used the pi symbol with an extra leg to represent it, and it eventually became an uppercase T. On June 28, 2010, "The Tau Manifesto" launched at the same time as the first Tau Day. "The Tau Manifesto" was a book written by Michael Hart that was dedicated to the lesser-known number. In it, pi is referred to as unnatural and confusing. Pi compares a circle's circumference with its diameter, and many mathematicians are disinterested in this quantity whereas tau is the number that connects a circumference to that quantity. While Tau Day celebrates all of mathematics generally, tau specifically still has an uphill battle in receiving recognition. In the arcana of related days, Pi Approximation Day is observed on July 22 (7/22), since the fraction 22/7 is a common approximation of Pi which is accurate to two decimal places. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/great-pyramid-of-giza-documentaries-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Yours Truly Johnny Dollar Radio Series MP3 DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: National Insurance Awareness Day: -- You never think about it until you need it, so be proactive and learn what kind of insurance you should have. Talk to an agent to find the right policies for you. Insurance is something that most people don't talk about, don't think about, and when the end comes it snaps right around and hits them square in the face. Their homes and cars remain unprotected, and there's nothing to save them when the hammers come down. National Insurance Awareness Day reminds you that taking the time to talk to an insurance agent and get a policy on your life, car, or home can save you and your family at the worst times the future holds. National Insurance Awareness Day has been created in order to encourage people to go over their insurance plan on this day. Insurance offers security in many different situations. It can recover losses and protect loved ones in the event of death, illness, or damage. While it offers protection, the value of the items and properties we have can appreciate over time and our situations can change. An insurance policy that offered you excellent protection give years ago may not offer such great protection today. This is why it is important for people to review their insurance plans on a periodic basis. The trouble is that it is very easy to forget about this. After all, there are so many other things to think about! That's why National Insurance Awareness Day was created; to ensure that people are reminded to go over their insurance plans on this date. It also presents a great opportunity for people to learn about insurance in general and the different policies that are available. Insurance is an incredibly interesting topic, especially when you realize just how old this form of protection really is. We had thought it wasn't any older than a couple of hundred years, but we couldn't be more wrong. It actually has a history stretching back far into the past, with the earliest known versions of it being found in 3000-2000 BC. Insurance has been around so long it's even found inscribed on the Code of Hammurabi, the first written laws. Imagine that! It even predated what was considered the official foundation of law, that's some history. Insurance, as we think of it in the modern age, came into existence sometime around the Great Fire of London, where the devastation that took place brought about the idea of property insurance. While insurance had up to this point had been considered some kind of convenience, it was now clear to the inhabitants of London that insurance was something that could protect a family fortune, and indeed an entire estate in the event of a disaster. From there sprang all the forms of insurance we know today, including underwriting ventures in the event of failure (common in the age of sailing ships and questionable seas), to car insurance and life insurance. National Insurance Awareness Day celebrates the history and necessity of this fantastic invention, and encourages people to understand the important role it can play in their lives. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/yours-truly-johnny-dollar-old-time-radio-dual-layer-mp3-dv3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: American Revolutionary War Documentaries DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: Carolina Day: -- June 28, 1776: The Age Of Enlightenment (The Enlightenment, The Age Of Reason): The Age Of Revolution: The Atlantic Revolutions: The American Enlightenment: The American Revolution: The American Revolutionary War: The Battle Of Sullivan's Island (The Battle Of Fort Sullivan, The First Siege Of Charleston): -- The first decisive American victory in the American Revolutionary War takes place when The Battle Of Sullivan's Island is fought near Charleston, South Carolina, leading to the commemoration of Carolina Day. Delayed by logistical concerns and bad weather, British forces reached the coast of North Carolina in May 1776. Finding conditions unsuitable for their operations, General Henry Clinton and Admiral Sir Peter Parker decided instead to act against Charleston. Arriving there in early June, troops were landed on Long Island (now called Isle of Palms), near Sullivan's Island where Colonel William Moultrie commanded a partially constructed fort, in preparation for a naval bombardment and land assault. General Charles Lee, commanding the southern Continental theater of the war, would provide supervision. The land assault was frustrated when the channel between the two islands was found to be too deep to wade, and the American defenses prevented an amphibious landing. The naval bombardment had little effect due to the sandy soil and the spongy nature of the fort's palmetto log construction. Careful fire by the defenders wrought significant damage on the British fleet, which withdrew after an entire day's bombardment. The British withdrew their expedition force to New York, and did not return to South Carolina until 1780. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/american-revolutionary-war-dvd-documentaries.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Alaska At War: Japanese WWII Invasion Of Alaska DVD, Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28: National Alaska Day: -- Recognizes the largest state to join the union and the Nation's Last Frontier. Not only is Alaska the largest state, but it is also home to the highest mountain peaks in the country, including Mt. Denali. In The Last Frontier, it's possible to test the theories associated with the Bering Land Bridge. Check out the remote and intriguing location of North America's history. Populated by Inuit, Yupik, Tlingit, and others long before Russian and European explorers found their way to the Arctic land, Alaska supported the indigenous people with sufficient whale fat, beaver, and fish. The Land of the Midnight Sun led to the next great gold rush. In the Yukon, many would venture into the rugged North expecting to find riches in the Klondike. Those who did, would find it difficult to get it back out again_alive. The Iditarod takes place in Alaska and runs 1,150 miles from Anchorage to Nome. Honoring the traditions of the sled dog culture and the Iditarod Trail, the annual event draws thousands of spectators and online viewers. In 1925, Leonhard Seppala along with several other mushers delivered much-needed anti-diphtheria serum to Nome along the same route. On January 3, 1959, Alaska became the 49th state. The immense Denali National Park and Preserve is home to glaciers, fossil records, and a study in geology. All along the Alaska Range, the pristine wilderness provides hikers the most well-marked trails outstanding views, and peaceful vistas. Venture into Glacier Bay for glimpses of an icy blue you'll see nowhere else on Earth. Listen for the rugged mountains of ice collapsing into the bay or seek the humpback whales breaking the surface. The sights and sounds of the bay are as abundant as the history, too. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/alaska-at-war-dvd-wwii-invasion-by-japan.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Hitler's War 2 Part WWII TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1942: The European Civil War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of World War II): The Eastern Front Of World War II: The Great Patriotic War (The German-Soviet War): Case Blue (German: Fall Blau): -- The German Wehrmacht begins its strategic summer offensive against southern Russia, code named Case Blue, the Wehrmacht's plan for the 1942 strategic summer offensive in southern Russia which would last until November 24 1942. The objective was to capture the oil fields of Baku (Azerbaijan SSR), Grozny and Maikop for two purposes: to enable the Germans to re-supply their low fuel stock and also to deny their use to the Soviet Union, thereby bringing about the complete collapse of the Soviet war effort. After Operation Barbarossa failed to destroy the Soviet Union as a political and military threat the previous year, Adolf Hitler, the Fuhrer of Nazi Germany, recognised that Germany was now locked in a war of attrition, and he was also aware that Germany was running low on fuel supply and would not be able to continue attacking deeper into enemy territory without more stock. With this in mind, Hitler ordered for the preparation of offensive plans for summer 1942 to secure the Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus. The operation involved a two-pronged attack: one from the Axis right flank against the oil fields of Baku, known as Operation Edelweiss, and one from the left flank to protect the first attack, moving in the direction of Stalingrad along the Don River, known as Operation Fischreiher. Army Group South (Heeresgruppe Sud) of the German Army was divided into Army Groups A and B (Heeresgruppe A and B). Army Group A was tasked with fulfilling Operation Edelweiss by crossing the Caucasus mountains to reach the Baku oil fields, while Army Group B protected its flanks along the Volga by fulfilling Operation Fischreiher. Supported by 2,035 Luftwaffe aircraft and 1,934 tanks and assault guns, the 1,570,287-man Army Group South began the offensive on June 28, advancing 48 kilometers on the first day and easily brushing aside the 1,715,000 Red Army troops opposite, who falsely expected a German offensive on Moscow even after Blau commenced. The Soviet collapse in the south allowed the Germans to capture the western part of Voronezh on July 6 and reach and cross the Don river near Stalingrad on July 26. Army Group B's approach toward Stalingrad slowed in late July and early August owing to constant counterattacks by newly deployed Red Army reserves and overstretched German supply lines. The Germans defeated the Soviets in the Battle of Kalach and the combat shifted to the city itself in late August. Nonstop Luftwaffe airstrikes, artillery fire and street-to-street combat completely destroyed the city and inflicted heavy casualties on the opposing forces. After three months of battle, the Germans controlled 90% of Stalingrad on November 19. In the south, Army Group A captured Rostov on July 23, and swept south from the Don to the Caucasus, capturing the demolished oilfields at Maikop on August 9 and Elista on August 13 near the Caspian Sea coast. Heavy Soviet resistance and the long distances from Axis sources of supply reduced the Axis offensive to local advances only and prevented the Germans from completing their strategic objective of capturing the main Caucasus oilfield at Baku. Luftwaffe bombers destroyed the oilfields at Grozny but attacks on Baku were prevented by the insufficient range of the German fighters. The Allies were concerned about the possibility of German forces continuing to the south and east and linking up with Japanese forces (then advancing in Burma) in India. However, the Red Army defeated the Germans at Stalingrad, following Operations Uranus and Little Saturn. This defeat forced the Axis to retreat from the Caucasus in order to avoid getting cut off by the Red Army, which was now advancing from Stalingrad towards Rostov in order to achieve the cut-off. Only the Kuban region remained tentatively occupied by Axis troops. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/hitler39s-war-dvd-2-part-tv-second-world-war-history-ser392.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Muhammad Ali Documentaries And Entire Fights DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1971: Sports: The History Of Sports: The History Of Sports In The United States: The History Of Boxing: The History Of Heavyweight Boxing: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars: The Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict, The Resistance War Against America): The United States In The Vietnam War: Opposition To United States Involvement In The Vietnam War: Clay v. United States: -- The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously overturns the draft evasion conviction of Muhammad Ali by an 8-0 vote (Justice Thurgood Marshall recused himself, as he had been the U.S. Solicitor General at the time of Ali's conviction). The decision was not based on, nor did it address, the merits of Ali's claims per se. Rather, the Court held that since the appeal board gave no reason for the denial of a conscientious objector exemption to Ali, that it was therefore impossible to determine which of the three basic tests for conscientious objector status (offered in the Justice Department's brief) the appeal board relied on, and Ali's conviction must be reversed. On June 20, 1967, Muhammad Ali, after a one day trial, had been found guilty after only 21 minutes of deliberation of the criminal offense of violating the Selective Service laws by refusing to be drafted, and was sentenced to five years in prison and a 10K USD fine. He paid a bond and remained free while the verdict was being appealed. After a Court of Appeals upheld the conviction, the case was reviewed by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1971. Ali remained free in the years between the Appellate Court decision and the Supreme Court ruling. As public opinion began turning people against the war and the Civil Rights Movement continued to gather momentum, Ali became a popular speaker at colleges and universities across the country; this itinerary was rare if not unprecedented for a prizefighter. At Howard University, for example, he gave his popular "Black Is Best" speech to 4,000 cheering students and community intellectuals, after he was invited to speak by sociology professor Nathan Hare on behalf of the Black Power Committee, a student protest group. Ali's example inspired many black Americans and others. However, initially when he refused induction, he became arguably the most hated man in the country and received many death threats. People who supported Ali during this time were also threatened, including sports journalist Jerry Izenberg, whose columns defended Ali's decision not to serve. He wrote, "Bomb threats emptied our office, making the staff stand out in the snow. My car windshield was smashed with a sledgehammer." The New York Times columnist William Rhoden wrote, "Ali's actions changed my standard of what constituted an athlete's greatness. Possessing a killer jump shot or the ability to stop on a dime was no longer enough. What were you doing for the liberation of your people? What were you doing to help your country live up to the covenant of its founding principles?" Recalling Ali's anti-war position, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar said: "I remember the teachers at my high school didn't like Ali because he was so anti-establishment and he kind of thumbed his nose at authority and got away with it. The fact that he was proud to be a black man and that he had so much talent ... made some people think that he was dangerous. But for those very reasons I enjoyed him." Civil rights figures came to believe that Ali had an energizing effect on the freedom movement as a whole. Ali was honored with the annual Martin Luther King Award in 1970 by civil rights leader Ralph Abernathy, who called him "a living example of soul power, the March on Washington in two fists." Coretta Scott King added that Ali was "a champion of justice and peace and unity." In speaking of the cost on Ali's career of his refusal to be drafted, his trainer Angelo Dundee said, "One thing must be taken into account when talking about Ali: He was robbed of his best years, his prime years." Ali's promoter Bob Arum did not support Ali's choice at the time, but in 2016 Arum stated: "when I look back at his life, and I was blessed to call him a friend and spent a lot of time with him, it's hard for me to talk about his exploits in boxing because as great as they were they paled in comparison to the impact that he had on the world. ... He did what he thought was right. And it turned out he was right, and I was wrong." On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/muhammad-ali--dvd-2-discs-documentaries-and-entire-fight2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Monarchy In The UK: British Royal History MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1461: The English Monarchy (The Monarchy Of The Kingdom Of England): Coronations: -- Edward IV is crowned King Of England. Edward IV of England (April 28, 1442 - April 9, 1483) King Of England from March 4, 1461 to October 3, 1470, and again from April 11, 1471 until his death. Before becoming king, he was Duke of York, Earl of March, Earl of Cambridge and Earl of Ulster. The first half of his rule was marred by the violence associated with the Wars Of The Roses, a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House Of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster, associated with a red rose, and the House Of York, whose symbol was a white rose. When he overcame the Lancastrian challenge to the throne at The Battle Of Tewkesbury in 1471, Edward was the first Yorkist King Of England, and reigned in peace until his sudden death. When Edward's health began to fail, and he became subject to an increasing number of ailments. He fell fatally ill at Easter 1483, but survived long enough to add some codicils to his will, the most important being to name his brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester as Protector after his death. He died on April 9, 1483 and was buried in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. He was succeeded by his twelve-year-old son Edward V of England (who was never crowned) and then by his brother Richard, who utlimately became Kind Richard III, the protagonist of the play by William Shakespeare. It is not known what actually caused Edward's death. Pneumonia and typhoid have both been conjectured, as well as poison. Some attributed his death to an unhealthy lifestyle, as he had become stout and inactive in the years before his death. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/monarchy-in-the-uk-british-royal-history-mp4-video-download-dvd-set.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Triumph Of The West 13 Part TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1491: #BOTD: #HBD! Henry VIII, King Of England from 1509 until his death, first English monarch to rule as King Of Ireland, author and composer, whose contemporaries considered Henry in his prime to be an attractive, educated and accomplished king, described as one of the most charismatic rulers to sit on the English throne, best known for his six marriages and, in particular, his efforts to have his first marriage to Catherine Of Aragon annulled, which efforts resulted in his excommunication from the Catholic church by Pope Clement VII and led Henry to initiate the English Reformation by separating the Church of England from papal authority, his appointing himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England, and his the dissolution of Catholic convents and monasteries in England (d. January 28, 1547) is #born Henry Tudor at the Palace of Placentia in Greenwich, Kent, England. On April 21, 1509, Henry VIII ascended to the throne of England on the death of his father, Henry VII. Henry VIII was King Of England from 1509 until his death. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry is best known for his six marriages and, in particular, his efforts to have his first marriage, to Catherine Of Aragon, annulled. His disagreement with the Pope on the question of such an annulment led Henry to initiate the English Reformation, separating the Church of England from papal authority. He appointed himself the Supreme Head of the Church of England and dissolved convents and monasteries. Despite his resulting excommunication, Henry remained a believer in core Catholic theological teachings. Domestically, Henry is known for his radical changes to the English Constitution, ushering into England the theory of the divine right of kings. Besides asserting the sovereign's supremacy over the Church of England, he greatly expanded royal power during his reign. Charges of treason and heresy were commonly used to quell dissent, and those accused were often executed without a formal trial, by means of bills of attainder. He achieved many of his political aims through the work of his chief ministers, some of whom were banished or executed when they fell out of his favour. Thomas Wolsey, Thomas More, Thomas Cromwell, Richard Rich, and Thomas Cranmer all figured prominently in Henry's administration. He was an extravagant spender and used the proceeds from the Dissolution of the Monasteries and acts of the Reformation Parliament to convert into royal revenue the money that was formerly paid to Rome. Despite the influx of money from these sources, Henry was continually on the verge of financial ruin due to his personal extravagance as well as his numerous costly continental wars, particularly with Francis I of France and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, as he sought to enforce his claim to the Kingdom of France. At home, he oversaw the legal union of England and Wales with the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 and following the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 he was the first English monarch to rule as King Of Ireland. His contemporaries considered Henry in his prime to be an attractive, educated and accomplished king. He has been described as "one of the most charismatic rulers to sit on the English throne". He was an author and composer. As he aged, Henry became severely obese and his health suffered, contributing to his death in 1547. Henry VIII died at the age of 55 in the Palace Of Whitehall, on what would have been his father's 90th birthday, a death brought on by his severe obesity and a complex of other diseases. He was succeeded by his son Edward VI. Late in life, Henry became obese, with a waist measurement of 54 inches (140 cm), and had to be moved about with the help of mechanical devices. He was covered with painful boils and possibly suffered from gout. His obesity and other medical problems can be traced to the jousting accident in 1536 in which he suffered a leg wound. The chronic wound festered for the remainder of his life and became ulcerated, preventing him from maintaining the level of physical activity he had previously enjoyed. The jousting accident is also believed to have caused Henry's mood swings, which may have had a dramatic effect on his personality and temperament. He is frequently characterised in his later life as a lustful, egotistical, harsh, and insecure king. The tomb he had planned (with components taken from the tomb intended for Cardinal Wolsey) was only partly constructed and was never completed. (The sarcophagus and its base were later removed and used for Lord Nelson's tomb in the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral.) Henry was interred in a vault at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, next to Jane Seymour. Over 100 years later, King Charles I (ruled 1625-1649) was buried in the same vault. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/triumph-of-the-west-tv-series-5-dual-layer-dvds-all-13-sh513.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Korea: The Unknown War TV Korean War Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1950: Korea: The History Of Korea: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Korean Conflict: The Korean War: The First Battle Of Seoul: Hangang Bridge Bombing (Korean: Hangang Indogyo Pogpa): -- While packed with South Korean refugees fleeing Seoul, the South Korean Army, in order to delay the rapid North Korean advance towards the city, blows up The Hangang Bridge over The Han River in Seoul, killing hundreds of refugees evacuating the city and trapping their own Republic Of Korea Army 5th Division, known as The Key Division, on the far side of the bridge; North Korean forces were nonetheless able to cross the river later that day and occupy Seoul. At 11:00 am on June 28, the South Korean Army headquarters decided to destroy the Hangang Bridge to stop the North Korean invasion, and gave up defending Seoul. From noon to 3:30 pm that day, the South Korean Army planted 3,600 pounds of TNT at the Hangang Bridge in preparation for its demolition. At 11:30pm, the demolition warning-order was issued -- however, the South Korean Army failed to announce the approaching demolition to Seoul residents. At 2:30 am on June 28, the demolition charges were detonated without warning. On the bridge were retreating soldiers and policemen crossing the river when it was demolished. ROK Ministry of National Defense confirmed that 77 policemen from Seoul Jongno Police Station died in the blast at that time. Three American war correspondents - Burton Crane of New York Times, Frank Gibney of Time magazine and Keyes Beech of Chicago Daily News -- tried to cross the bridge by jeep, but when 25 years away from the bridge their jeep's windshield shattered in their face by the blast. Burton Crane and Keyes Beech immediately reported their experience, but due to military censorship, they only announced that truckloads of South Korean soldiers were all killed without mentioning of any civilian casualties. It was estimated there were 200-800 casualties (mostly soldiers and policemen) but the exact number and identification of victims has not yet been established. At 11:00 am, The North Korean Army reached the bridge, and shortly after crossing the river, successfully occupied Seoul. The military engineer responsible for the bridge and carrying out the demolition, Colonel Choi Chang-Sik, was court-martialed for misbehavior before the enemy. He was found guilty and sentenced to death. Chang-Sik was executed by firing squad on September 21, 1950. In 1964, Choi's wife pleaded his innocence to an appeal tribunal and the court found Choi as not guilty because the demolition order was issued by his superior officers. On June 28, 2007, the first memorial service was held by a local veterans' peace association. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/korea-the-unknown-war-dvd-complete-6-part-tv-series-3-dis63.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Eagle And The Bear: The Korean War 2 Part Series MP4 Download DVD
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1950: Korea: The History Of Korea: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Korean Conflict: The Korean War: War Crimes: Massacres Of The Korean War: The Bodo League Massacre (Korean: Bodoyeonmaeng Hagsal) (The Bodo League Massacres) (Summer 1950): -- South Korean President Syngman Rhee, ultimately with the complicity of the United States Army, in the face of the rapid and apparently nearly unstoppable North Korean military advance into South Korea, begins the summer-long Bolo League Massacre (which is more properly named The Bolo League Massacres) when he has summarily executed between 60,000 to 200,000 suspected South Korean communists and alleged communist-sympathizers, many of whom were civilians who had no connection to communism or communists. The massacre was committed by the government forces of president Syngman Rhee and falsely blamed on the communists led by North Korean leader Kim Il Sung. The South Korean government made efforts to conceal the massacre for four decades. Survivors were forbidden by the government from revealing it, under threat of being treated as communist sympathizers; public revelation carried with it the threat of torture and death. During the 1990s and onwards, several corpses were excavated from mass graves, resulting in public awareness of the massacre. Half a century after the massacre, The Truth and Reconciliation Commission -- the South Korean governmental body responsible for investigating incidents in Korean history which occurred from Japan's rule of Korea in 1910 through the end of authoritarian rule in South Korea with the election of President Kim Young-sam in 1993 -- investigated this massacre, among other incidents that were largely kept hidden from history, unlike the well-publicized North Korean executions of South Korean right-wingers. In the years before the massacre, South Korean President Syngman Rhee had "enrolled", on the pretext of protecting them from execution, about 300,000 suspected communist sympathizers, as well as his political opponents , in an official "re-education" movement known as the National Bodo League (Korean: Gukmin Bodo Yeonmaeng), also known as The National Rehabilitation And Guidance League, The National Guard Alliance, and The National Guidance Alliance. The Bodo League was created by Korean jurists who had collaborated with the Japanese colonial government; this corrupt system forced non-communist sympathizers and others into The Bodo League in order to fill enlistment quotas. In June 1949, the South Korean government accused independence activists of being members of the Bodo League. By1950, just before the outbreak of the Korean War, Syngman Rhee had about 20,000 alleged communists imprisoned. Under the leadership of Kim Il Sung, the Korean People's Army attacked from the north on June 25, 1950, starting the Korean War. According to Kim Mansik, who was a military police superior officer, President Syngman Rhee reacted to this invasion with panic, and ordered the execution of people related to either The Bodo League or The South Korean Workers Party on June 28, 1950, the same day that he ordered Hangang Bridge Bombing (Korean: Hangang Indogyo Pogpa) that killed hundreds of refugees evacuating Seoul and stranded his own army on the far side of The Han River. The first of The Bolo League Massacres began the next day, June 28, in Hoengseong County, Gangwon-Do Province. Retreating South Korean forces and anti-communist groups executed the alleged communist prisoners, along with many of the Bodo League members. The executions were performed without any trials or sentencing. Kim Tae Sun, the chief of the Seoul Metropolitan Police, admitted to personally executing at least 12 "communists and suspected communists" after the outbreak of the war. When Seoul was recaptured in late September 1950, an estimated 30,000 South Koreans were summarily deemed collaborators with the North Koreans and shot by ROK forces. At least one US lieutenant colonel is known to have approved the executions at the request of a South Korean regimental commander. Lt. Col. Rollins S. Emmerich, after initially stalling and disapproving, told the South Korean regimental commander Kim Chong-won that he could kill a large number of political prisoners in Busan if the North Korean troops approached so that they would not fall into enemy hands. A mass execution of 3,400 South Koreans did indeed take place near Busan that summer. United States official documents show that American officers witnessed and photographed the massacre. In another, United States official documents show that John J. Muccio, then United States Ambassador to South Korea, made recommendations to Rhee and Defense Minister Shin Sung-mo that the executions be stopped. American witnesses also reported the scene of the execution of a girl who appeared to be 12 or 13 years old. The massacre was also reported to both Washington and Gen. Douglas MacArthur, who described it as an "internal matter". According to one witness, 40 victims had their backs broken with rifle butts and were shot later. Victims in seaside villages were tied together and thrown into the sea to drown.[12] Retired South Korean Adm. Nam Sang-hui confessed that he authorized 200 victims' bodies to be thrown into the sea, saying, "There was no time for trials for them." There were also British and Australian witnesses. Great Britain raised this issue with the U.S. at a diplomatic level, causing Dean Rusk, Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs, to inform the British that U.S. commanders were doing "everything they can to curb such atrocities". During the massacre, the British protected their allies and saved some citizens. The Associated Press conducted extensive archival research and found documents classified "secret" and "filed away" by the Pentagon and State Department in Washington, that had indicated the US commander Gen. Douglas MacArthur made no attempts to curb the summary mass killings. As the North Korean army was nearing Daejeon, the South Korean paramilitary forces executed around 7,000 political prisoners, men, women, and children in mass graves as American officers took photographs which were kept classified until they were released in 1999. This was merely one of many such mass killings conducted by South Korean forces against political prisoners in the first months of the war. Many, including the Daejon Massacre, were propagandistically blamed on the North Koreans. After the UN offensive in which South Korea recovered its occupied territories, the police and militia groups executed suspected North Korean sympathizers. In October 1950, the Goyang Geumjeong Cave massacre occurred. In December, British troops saved civilians lined up to be shot by South Korean officers and seized one execution site outside Seoul to prevent further massacres. On January 4 1951, the Ganghwa Massacre was committed by South Korean police, who killed 139 civilians in an effort to prevent their collaboration with the North Koreans. According to a South Korean report, South Korea and the U.S. "aided right-wing civil organizations, such as the Ganghwa Self-Defense Forces, by providing combat equipment and supplies." In 2008, trenches containing bodies were discovered in Daejeon, South Korea, and other sites. South Korea's Truth and Reconciliation Commission documented testimonies of those still alive and who took part in the executions, including former Daejeon prison guard Lee Joon-young. Besides photographs of the execution trench sites, the National Archives in Washington D.C. released declassified photographs of U.S. soldiers at execution sites including Daejeon, confirming American military knowledge. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-eagle-and-the-bear-the-korean-war-dvd-both-tv-documentaries.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Korean War Films And Documentaries Collection DVD, MP4 Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1950: Korea: The History Of Korea: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Korean Conflict: The Korean War: The First Battle Of Seoul: War Crimes: Massacres Of The Korean War: The Seoul National University Hospital Massacre (Korean: Seouldaehaggyo Busogbyeong-Won Hagsal Sageon): -- The Seoul National University Hospital Massacre occurs when North Korea's Korean People's Army (KPA) kills 700 to 900 doctors, nurses, inpatient civilians and wounded soldiers at the Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul district of South Korea. During The First Battle Of Seoul, the KPA wiped out one platoon which guarded Seoul National University Hospital earlier that day. They massacred medical personnel, inpatients and wounded soldiers. The Korean People's Army either shot or buried the people alive. The civilian victims alone numbered 900. According to South Korean Ministry of National Defense, the victims included 100 wounded South Korean soldiers. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/korean-war-films-and-documentaries-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Siege Of Vicksburg American Civil War DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1862: The American Civil War (The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Western Theater Of The American Civil War: The Vicksburg Campaign: The Siege Of Vicksburg: -- The Naval portion of The Siege Of Vicksburg begins as the Union Navy conducts the first naval bombardment of Vicksburg and the first successful passage of city's formidible gun batteries as Admiral David Farragut succeeds in taking his fleet of deep-water naval vessels up the Mississippi River past Grand Gulf and under the guns of Vicksburg. The siege continued on for over a year. The Siege Of Vicksburg (May 18 - July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. Vicksburg was the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River. The successful ending of the Vicksburg Campaign significantly degraded the ability of the Confederacy to maintain its war effort. The Confederate surrender of Vicksburg on July 4, 1863 is sometimes considered, when combined with Gen. Robert E. Lee's defeat at Gettysburg by Maj. Gen. George Meade, the turning point of the war. It cut off the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas from the rest of the Confederate States, effectively splitting the Confederacy in two for the duration of the war. The Union victory also permanently severed communication between the Trans-Mississippi Department and the balance of the Confederacy. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-siege-of-vicksburg-american-civil-war-dvd-mp4-download-usb-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Crusade: The First Crusade's History And Trail DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1098: Religion: The History Of Religion: Abrahamic Religions: Christianity: The History Of Roman Catholicism: The Latin Church (Latin: Ecclesia Latina): The Middle Ages (The Medieval Period, The Mediaeval Period): The Crusades: The First Crusade (1096-1099): The Siege Of Antioch: The First Siege Of Antioch: The Battle Of Antioch (1098): -- Fighters of the First Crusade led by the Prince of Taranto Bohemond I defeat the mighty army of renowned soldier Kerbogha of Mosul, the Turkish Atabeg (Governor) of Mosul, when Kerbogha's disunited allies abandon him at the critical moment. In 1098, when Kerbogha heard that the Crusaders had besieged Antioch, he gathered his troops and marched to relieve the city. On his way, he attempted to regain Edessa following its recent conquest by Baldwin I, so as not to leave any Frankish garrisons behind him on his way to Antioch. For three weeks he pointlessly besieged the city before deciding to continue on to Antioch. His reinforcements could have perhaps ended the Crusade before the walls of Antioch, and, indeed, the whole Crusade was perhaps saved by his time wasted at Edessa. By the time he arrived, around June 7, the Crusaders had already won the siege, and had held the city since June 3. They were not able to restock the city before Kerbogha, in turn, began besieging the city. During the siege, on June 28, Peter the Hermit was sent as emissary to Kerbogha by the Crusaders to suggest that the parties settle all differences by a duel. Presumably feeling his position secure, Kerbogha did not see this course of action as being in his interest, and he declined. Meanwhile, inside the city, Peter Bartholomew claimed to have discovered the Holy Lance through a vision. This discovery re-energized the Christian army. At the same time, disagreements and infighting broke out within the Atabeg's army. Kerbogha's mighty army was actually made up of levies from Baghdad, Persia, Palestine and Damascus, and the internal quarrels amongst the Emirs took precedence over any unity against the Franks. The only thing that united his allies was a common fear of Kerbogha's real goal, which was the conquest of all their lands. If Antioch fell to him, he would have been invincible. On June 28, when Bohemond decided to attack, the Emirs decided to humble Kerbogha by abandoning him at the critical moment. Kerbogha was taken by surprise by the organization and discipline of the Christian army. This motivated, unified Christian army was in fact so large that Kerbogha's strategy of dividing his own forces was ineffective. He was quickly routed by the Crusaders. He was forced to retreat, and returned to Mosul a broken man; Bohemond I was thereafter known as Bohemond I Of Antioch. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/crusade-dvd-the-first-crusade-history-and-trail-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: France: Conquest To Liberation In World War II MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1883: #BOTD: Pierre Laval, French soldier and politician, 101st Prime Minister of France (d. October 15, 1945) is #born Pierre Jean Marie Laval in Chateldon, near Vichy in the northern part of Auvergne, France. On April 18, 1942, Laval became Prime Minister of Vichy France. Pierre Jean-Marie Laval, during the time of the Third Republic, served as Prime Minister of France from January 27, 1931 to February 20, 1932, and a second time from June 7, 1935 to January 24, 1936. Laval began his career as a socialist, but over time drifted far to the right. Following France's defeat and armistice with Germany in 1940, he served in prominent roles in Philippe Petain's Vichy Regime, first as the vice-president of the Council of Ministers from July 11, 1940 to December 13, 1940, and later as the head of government from 18 April 1942 to 20 August 1944. After the liberation of France in 1944, Laval was arrested by the French government under General Charles de Gaulle. In what was widely regarded as a flawed trial, Laval was found guilty of high treason, and after a thwarted suicide attempt, he was executed by firing squad as he shouted "Vive la France!" at Fresnes Prison in the town of Fresnes, Val-de-Marne, Ile-de-France, south of Paris. His corpse was initially buried in an unmarked grave in the Thiais cemetery until it was buried in the Chambrun family mausoleum at the Montparnasse Cemetery in Paris in November 1945. His manifold political activities left a complicated and controversial legacy, resulting in more than a dozen conflicting biographies of him. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/france-conquest-to-liberation-occupied-and-vichy-wwii.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Marshal Josip Broz Tito Documentary Biography DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1948: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Eastern Bloc (The Communist Bloc, The Socialist Bloc, The Soviet Bloc): The Tito-Stalin Split (The Yugoslav-Soviet Split): -- The League Of Communists Of Yugoslavia, better known until 1952 as The Communist Party Of Yugoslavia (KPJ), the founding and ruling party of 1945-1963 Federal People's Republic Of Yugoslavia, is expelled from The Cominform (The Information Bureau Of The Communist And Workers' Parties), the coordinating body of Marxist-Leninist communist parties in Europe during the early Cold War that was formed in part as a replacement of the Communist International. The objectives of the Soviet foreign policy gradually brought the USSR in conflict with the KPJ. Their relationship was complicated as the KPJ led armed resistance against the Axis while the Soviet foreign relations were initially constrained by provisions of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, and then with alliance with the Western Allies who supported the Yugoslav government-in exile until shortly after the initial Tito-Subasic Agreement. As Yugoslavia was not fully in the Soviet post-war sphere of influence, Tito pursued a foreign policy course seeking to integrate Albania into the Yugoslav federation, support the Greek communist guerrillas, and broaden ties between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria - potentially unifying the countries. Conclusion of the 1947 Bled Agreement seeking closer ties with Bulgaria, and imminent deployment of Yugoslav Army to Albania prompted a political confrontation with the USSR. The clash culminated in the Tito-Stalin split and the KPJ was expelled from the Cominform. The Tito-Stalin Split was the culmination of a conflict between the political leaderships of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, under Josip Broz Tito and Joseph Stalin, respectively, in the years following World War II. Although presented by both sides as an ideological dispute, the conflict was as much the product of a geopolitical struggle in the Balkans that also involved Albania, Bulgaria, and the communist insurgency in Greece, which Tito's Yugoslavia supported and the Soviet Union secretly opposed. In the years following World War II, Yugoslavia pursued economic, internal, and foreign policy objectives that did not align with the interests of the Soviet Union and its Eastern Bloc allies. In particular, Yugoslavia hoped to admit neighbouring Albania to the Yugoslav federation. This fostered an atmosphere of insecurity within the Albanian political leadership and exacerbated tensions with the Soviet Union, which made efforts to impede Albanian-Yugoslav integration. Yugoslav support of the communist rebels in Greece against the wishes of the Soviet Union further complicated the political situation. Stalin tried to pressure Yugoslavia and moderate its policies using Bulgaria as an intermediary. When the conflict between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union became public in 1948, it was portrayed as an ideological dispute to avoid the impression of a power struggle within the Eastern Bloc. The split ushered in purges within the Communist Party of Yugoslavia during the Informbiro Period, an era of Yugoslavia's history named after the Communist Information Bureau, an organisation initiated by Stalin that had aimed to reduce divergence among communist governments generally and the Yugoslav government particularly, that resulted in a significant level of disruption to the Yugoslav economy, which had previously depended on the Eastern Bloc. The conflict also prompted fears of an impending Soviet invasion and even a coup attempt by senior Soviet-aligned military leaders, a fear fueled by thousands of border incidents and incursions orchestrated by the Soviets and their allies. Deprived of aid from the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc, Yugoslavia subsequently requested of the United States economic and military assistance for the first time in the summer of 1948. In December, Tito announced that strategic raw materials would be shipped to the West in return for increased trade. In February 1949, the U.S. decided to provide Tito with economic assistance. In return, the U.S. demanded the cessation of Yugoslav aid to the DSE when the internal situation in Yugoslavia allowed for such a move without endangering Tito's position. Ultimately, Secretary Of State Dean Acheson took the position that the Yugoslav five-year plan would have to succeed if Tito was to prevail against Stalin. Acheson also argued that supporting Tito was in the interest of the United States, regardless of the nature of Tito's regime. The American aid helped Yugoslavia overcome the poor harvests of 1948, 1949 and 1950, but there would be almost no economic growth before 1952. Tito also received U.S. backing in Yugoslavia's successful 1949 bid for a seat on the United Nations Security Council, despite Soviet opposition. In 1949, the United States provided loans to Yugoslavia, increased them in 1950, and then provided large grants. The Yugoslavs initially avoided seeking military aid from the U.S., believing it would provide the Soviets with a pretext for invasion. By 1951, the Yugoslav authorities became convinced that a Soviet attack was inevitable irrespective of military aid from the West. Consequently, Yugoslavia was included in the Mutual Defense Assistance Program. The Tito-Stalin Split ended with the country's partial rapprochement with the Soviet Union in 1955 with the signing of the Belgrade Declaration of June 2, 1955, which brought about a short reconciliation between the two states. The declaration guaranteed noninterference in Yugoslavia's internal affairs and legitimized the right to interpret other forms of socialist development in different countries. While the declaration failed in achieving lasting rapprochement between the two countries (a result of Yugoslav anxiety over the Hungarian Revolution Of 1956) it had an effect on Yugoslav disengagement from the Balkan Pact with the NATO member states of Turkey and Greece. The document was a cornerstone for the relations between the two countries for the following 35 years until the collapse of the Soviet Union. As for the Cominform, it was dissolved during de-Stalinization in 1956. From 1950 on, the Cominform became rapidly irrelevant after the victory of the People's Republic of China in the Chinese Civil War weakened Europe as the center of communism. Cominform, composed of entirely European parties, was rendered largely useless in Soviet influence over the international communist movement. No attempts were made to reorganize Cominform and its decline accelerated drastically after the death of Stalin in March 1953. Meanwhile, the Soviets had gradually replaced Cominform with more effective and specialized organizations to exert their influence, such as the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) in 1949 and the Warsaw Pact in 1955. Cominform was officially dissolved on April 17, 1956 in a decision by the Central Committee of the CPSU, prompted by the Soviet rapprochement with Yugoslavia and the De-Stalinization process following the rise of Nikita Khrushchev as Stalin's successor. 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Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: El Hajj Malik El Shabazz: Malcolm X Biography DVD Download USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1964: Civil Rights Movements: The American Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968): Civil Rights Organizations (Civil Rights Movement Organizations): African American Civil Rights Organizations (African American Civil Rights Movement Organizations): Pan-Africanism: Pan-Africanism In The United States: The Organization Of Afro-American Unity (OAAU): -- Malcolm X announces the formation of the OAAU, the Organization Of Afro-American Unity at the Audubon Ballroom, the site where Malcolm X was ultimately to be assassinated some seven months later. It was a Pan-Africanist organization modeled on the Organisation Of African Unity, which had impressed Malcolm X during his visit to Africa in April and May 1964. The purpose of the OAAU was to fight for the human rights of African Americans and promote cooperation among Africans and people of African descent in the Americas. He had written the group's charter with John Henrik Clarke, Albert Cleage, Jesse Gray, and Gloria Richardson, among others. In a memo dated July 2, 1964, FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover described the nascent OAAU as a threat to the national security of the United States. Malcolm X, along with John Henrik Clarke, wrote the following into the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) Basic Unity Program: Restoration: "In order to release ourselves from the oppression of our enslavers then, it is absolutely necessary for the Afro-American to restore communication with Africa."; Reorientation: "We can learn much about Africa by reading informative books and by listening to the experiences of those who have traveled there."; Education: "The Organization of Afro-American Unity will devise original educational methods and procedures which will liberate the minds of our children. We will ... encourage qualified Afro-Americans to write and publish the textbooks needed to liberate our minds ... educating them [our children] at home."; Economic Security: "After the Emancipation Proclamation ... it was realized that the Afro-American constituted the largest homogeneous ethnic group with a common origin and common group experience in the United States and, if allowed to exercise economic or political freedom, would in a short period of time own this country. We must establish a technician bank. We must do this so that the newly independent nations of Africa can turn to us who are their brothers for the technicians they will need now and in the future."; and Self Defense: "In order to enslave a people and keep them subjugated, their right to self defense must be denied. We encourage the Afro-Americans to defend themselves against the wanton attacks of the racist aggressors whose sole aim is to deny us the guarantee of the United Nations Charter of Human Rights and of the Constitution of the United States. The OAAU pushed for black control of every aspect of the black community. At the founding rally, Malcolm X stated that the organization's principal concern was the human rights of blacks, but that it would also focus on voter registration, school boycotts, rent strikes, housing rehabilitation, and social programs for addicts, unwed mothers, and troubled children. Malcolm X saw the OAAU as a way of "un-brainwashing" black people, ridding them of the lies they had been told about themselves and their culture. On July 17, 1964, Malcolm X was welcomed to the second meeting of the Organisation of African Unity in Cairo as a representative of the OAAU. When a reporter asked whether white people could join the OAAU, Malcolm X said, "Definitely not." Then he added, "If John Brown were still alive, we might accept him." Malcolm X did not have sufficient time to invest in the OAAU to help it flourish. After his death, Malcolm X's half-sister, Ella Little-Collins, took over the leadership of the OAAU, but dwindling membership and Malcolm X's absence eventually led to the collapse of the organization. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/el-hajj-malik-el-shabazz-malcolm-x-biography-dvd-download-usb-drive.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Simple Justice Brown v Board Of Education Docudrama DVD, Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1991: First African Americans: The United States: The History Of The United States: The Supreme Court Of The United States (SCOTUS): The Retirement Of Associate Justice Of The Supreme Court Of The United States Thurgood Marshall: -- 82 year-old U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall announces his retirement, jocularly responding to a reporter who asked what was wrong with him "I'm old! I'm gettin' old and I'm comin' apart!" Thurgood Marshall, American lawyer, civil rights activist, jurist, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, 32nd Solicitor General of the United States, first African American Supreme Court justice on the U.S. Supreme Court (from October 1967 until October 1991) and Freemason (July 2, 1908 - January 24, 1993) was born Thoroughgood Marshall in Baltimore, Maryland, and was descended from enslaved peoples on both sides of his family. His father, William Canfield Marshall, worked as a railroad porter, and his mother, Norma Arica Williams, worked as a teacher. Marshall's parents instilled in him an appreciation for the United States Constitution and the rule of law. Marshall first learned how to debate from his father, who took Marshall and his brother to watch court cases; they would later debate what they had seen. The family also debated current events after dinner. Marshall said that although his father never told him to become a lawyer, he "turned me into one. He did it by teaching me to argue, by challenging my logic on every point, by making me prove every statement I made." Prior to his judicial service, he successfully argued several cases before the Supreme Court, including Brown v. Board of Education. Marshall graduated from the Howard University School of Law in 1933. He established a private legal practice in Baltimore before founding the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, where he served as executive director. In that position, he argued several cases before the Supreme Court, including Smith v. Allwright, Shelley v. Kraemer, and Brown v. Board of Education, the latter of which held that racial segregation in public education is a violation of the Equal Protection Clause. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy appointed Marshall to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Four years later, President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Marshall as the United States Solicitor General. In 1967, Johnson successfully nominated Marshall to succeed retiring Associate Justice Tom C. Clark. Marshall retired during the administration of President George H. W. Bush, and was succeeded by Clarence Thomas. Thurgood Marshall died of heart failure at the National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland at the age of 84. After he lay in repose in the Great Hall of the United States Supreme Court Building, he was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. He was survived by his second wife and their two sons. Thurgood Marshall was a Prince Hall Freemason and Scottish Rite Freemason (known in England and Australia as the Rose Croix). On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/simple-justice-brown-v-board-of-education-segregation-battle-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Romantic Spirit TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1712: #BOTD: #HBD! Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher, writer, composer and polymath (d. July 2, 1778) is #born in Geneva, which was at the time a city-state and a Protestant associate of the Swiss Confederacy (now a canton of Switzerland). His political philosophy influenced the Enlightenment in France and across Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the overall development of modern political and educational thought. His book The Social Contract stated that no laws are binding unless agreed upon by the people, a concept that deeply affected the French. In his novel Emile he challenged harsh child-rearing methods of his day and argued that young people should be given freedom to enjoy sunlight, exercise and play. "Man is born free," he wrote in The Social Contract, "and everywhere he is in chains.". Jean-Jacques Rousseau died of cerebral bleeding resulting in an apoplectic stroke aged 66 in Ermenonville, Picardy, Kingdom of France. It is now believed that repeated falls, including the accident involving the Great Dane, may have contributed to Rousseau's stroke; on October 24 1776, as he was walking on a narrow street in Paris, a nobleman's carriage came rushing by from the opposite direction; flanking the carriage was a galloping Great Dane belonging to the nobleman. Rousseau was unable to dodge both the carriage and the dog, and was knocked down by the Great Dane. He seems to have suffered a concussion and neurological damage. His health began to decline; Rousseau's friend Corancez described the appearance of certain symptoms which indicate that Rousseau started suffering from epileptic seizures after the accident. Following his death, Grimm, his admirer Madame de Stael and others spread the false news that Rousseau had committed suicide; according to other gossip, Rousseau was insane when he died. All those who met him in his last days agree that he was in a serene frame of mind at this time. On July 4, 1778, the second anniversary of the American Declaration Of Of Independence, Rousseau was buried on the Ile des Peupliers, a tiny wooded island in a lake near Ermenonville, which became a place of pilgrimage for his many admirers. On October 11, 1794, his remains were moved to the Pantheon, where they were placed near the remains of Voltaire. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-romantic-spirit-tv-series-all-14-episodes-5-dual-layer-d145.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Labor Union Films Collection DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1894: Organized Labor: The Labor Union Movement: The Labor History Of The United States: Federal Holidays In The United States: Labor Day: -- Labor Day becomes an American national holiday when President Grover Cleveland signs a bill passed by Congress recognizing the first Monday of September as Labor Day and making it an official federal holiday. This federal law, however, only made it a holiday for federal workers. As late as the 1930s, unions were encouraging workers to strike to make sure they got the day off. All U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and the United States territories have subsequently made Labor Day a statutory holiday. Labor Day became a federal holiday in response to the ongoing Pullman Strike of May 11, 1894 - July 20, 1894 of railroad workers, which was a a turning point for US labor law and shaped national labor policy in the United States. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/labor-union-films-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Guns Of August (1964) WWI Film DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1914: Causes Of The European Civil War: Causes Of World War I: The Guns Of August: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Of Austria And Sophie, Duchess Of Hohenberg): -- #DOTD: #RIP: Archduke Francis Ferdinand, Crown Prince Of Austria and heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, are assassinated at Sarajevo by the crazy mixed-up nineteen-year-old Gavrilo Princip, one of a group of six assassins (five Serbs and one Bosniak) coordinated by Danilo Ilic, a Bosnian Serb and a member of the Black Hand secret society. It sparked the conflict between the Austro-Hungarian government and Serbia that escalated into World War I. The political objective of the assassination was to break off Austria-Hungary's South Slav provinces so they could be combined into a Yugoslavia. The assassins' motives were consistent with the movement that later became known as Young Bosnia. The assassination led directly to the First World War when Austria-Hungary precipitated the July Crisis when it subsequently issued an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia, which was partially rejected. Austria-Hungary then declared war, triggering actions leading to war between most European states. In charge of these Serbian military conspirators was Chief of Serbian Military Intelligence Dragutin Dimitrijevic, his right-hand man Major Vojislav Tankosic, and the spy Rade Malobabic. Tankosic armed the assassins with bombs and pistols and trained them. The assassins were given access to the same clandestine network of safe-houses and agents that Malobabic used for the infiltration of weapons and operatives into Austria-Hungary. The assassins, the key members of the clandestine network, and the key Serbian military conspirators who were still alive were arrested, tried, convicted and punished. Those who were arrested in Bosnia were tried in Sarajevo in October 1914. The other conspirators were arrested and tried before a Serbian court on the French-controlled Salonika Front in 1916-1917 on unrelated false charges; Serbia executed three of the top military conspirators. Much of what is known about the assassinations comes from these two trials and related records. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-guns-of-august-dvd-1964-world-war-i-movie-documen1964.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Twentieth Century History Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1919: The Aftermath Of World War I: The Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) (The Versailles Peace Conference [1919-1920]): The Treaty Of Versailles (French: Traite De Versailles): -- World War I formally ends with the signing of The Treaty Of Versailles, the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end, signed exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand which directly led to World War I, with the specific effect of ending the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers; the other Central Powers on the German side of World War I signed separate such treaties. Although the armistice, signed on 11 November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League Of Nations on October 21, 1919. Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial, required "Germany [to] accept the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage" during the war (the other members of the Central Powers signed treaties containing similar articles). This article, Article 231, later became known as the War Guilt clause. The treaty forced Germany to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. In 1921 the total cost of these reparations was assessed at 132 billion marks (then 31.4B USD or 6.6 billion pounds sterling, roughly equivalent to 442B USD or 284B pounds sterling in 2018). At the time economists, notably John Maynard Keynes (a British delegate to the Paris Peace Conference), predicted that the treaty was too harsh-a "Carthaginian peace"-and said the reparations figure was excessive and counter-productive, views that, since then, have been the subject of ongoing debate by historians and economists from several countries. On the other hand, prominent figures on the Allied side such as French Marshal Ferdinand Foch criticized the treaty for treating Germany too leniently. The result of these competing and sometimes conflicting goals among the victors was a compromise that left no one content: Germany was neither pacified nor conciliated, nor was it permanently weakened. The problems that arose from the treaty would lead to the Locarno Treaties, which improved relations between Germany and the other European powers, and the re-negotiation of the reparation system resulting in the Dawes Plan, the Young Plan, and the indefinite postponement of reparations at the Lausanne Conference of 1932. The terms of the treaty also required Germany to give up Alsace-Lorraine and overseas colonies, and prohibited German rearmament. Although it is often referred to as the "Versailles Conference", only the actual signing of the treaty took place at the historic palace. Most of the negotiations were in Paris, with the "Big Four" meetings taking place generally at the Quai d'Orsay. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/twentieth-century-history-15-episode-tv-series-2-dual-layer-d152.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Between The Wars TV Documentary Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1919: The Aftermath Of World War I: The Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) (The Versailles Peace Conference [1919-1920]): The Treaty Of Versailles (French: Traite De Versailles): International Organizations (Intergovernmental Organizations, International Institutions): The League Of Nations (LN, LON, LoN, (French: Societe Des Nations, "Society Of Nations", SDN, SdN): The Covenant Of The League Of Nations: -- The charter of the League Of Nations, entitled The Covenant Of The League Of Nations, is signed as Part I of the Treaty Of Versailles. The first meeting of the Council Of The League took place on January 16, 1920, and the first meeting of Assembly Of The League took place in Geneva, Switzerland on November 15, 1920 with 41 nations represented. On January 10, 1920, The Covenant Of The League Of Nations automatically entered into force as the Treaty Of Versailles was ratified by Germany, bringing the League Of Nations into existence with the goal of resolving international disputes, reducing armaments, and preventing future wars. More than 20 nations later joined. In 1919 U.S. president Woodrow Wilson won the Nobel Peace Prize for his role as the leading architect of the League; however, the U.S. did not join due to a lack of support for the League in Congress. The League Of Nations (French: Societe Des Nations was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on January 10, 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. The main organization ceased operations on April 20, 1946 but many of its components were relocated into the new United Nations. The League's primary goals were stated in its Covenant. They included preventing wars through collective security and disarmament and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration. Its other concerns included labour conditions, just treatment of native inhabitants, human and drug trafficking, the arms trade, global health, prisoners of war, and protection of minorities in Europe. The diplomatic philosophy behind the League represented a fundamental shift from the preceding hundred years. The League lacked its own armed force and depended on the victorious First World War Allies (Britain, France, Italy and Japan were the permanent members of the Executive Council) to enforce its resolutions, keep to its economic sanctions, or provide an army when needed. The Great Powers were often reluctant to do so. Sanctions could hurt League members, so they were reluctant to comply with them. During the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, when the League accused Italian soldiers of targeting International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement medical tents, Benito Mussolini responded that "the League is very well when sparrows shout, but no good at all when eagles fall out." At its greatest extent from September 28, 1934 to February 23, 1935, it had 58 members. After some notable successes and some early failures in the 1920s, the League ultimately proved incapable of preventing aggression by the Axis powers in the 1930s. The credibility of the organization was weakened by the fact that the United States never joined, and Japan, Italy, Germany and Spain quit. The Soviet Union joined late and was expelled after invading Finland. The onset of the Second World War in 1939 showed that the League had failed its primary purpose; it was inactive until its abolition. The League lasted for 26 years; the United Nations (UN) replaced it in 1946 and inherited several agencies and organisations founded by the League. Current scholarly consensus views that, even though the League failed to achieve its main goal of world peace, it did manage to build new roads towards expanding the rule of law across the globe; strengthened the concept of collective security, giving a voice to smaller nations; helped to raise awareness to problems like epidemics, slavery, child labour, colonial tyranny, refugee crises and general working conditions through its numerous commissions and committees; and paved the way for new forms of statehood, as the mandate system put the colonial powers under international observation. Professor David Kennedy portrays the League as a unique moment when international affairs were "institutionalised", as opposed to the pre-First World War methods of law and politics. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/between-the-wars-dvd-set-all-16-tv-shows-4-discs164.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Frontiers Of Flight Aviation History TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1927: Aviation: The History Of Aviation: The History Of Transcontinental Flight: The History Of Transpacific Flight: The First Transpacific Flight: The Transpacific Flight Of Lester J. Maitland And Albert F. Hegenberger: -- The first transpacific flight, from the mainland United States to Hawaii. begins as U.S. Army Air Force 1st Lt. Lester J. Maitland and 1st Lt. Albert F. Hegenberger take off on the two-day first transpacific flight in The Bird Of Paradise, a U.S. Army Air Corps Fokker tri-motor aircraft, flying from California to Hawaii, an achievement in many respects more important than Lindbergh's solo transatlantic flight across the month prior. For this feat the crew received the Mackay Trophy. The Bird Of Paradise was used by the United States Army Air Corps to experiment with the application of radio beacon aids in air navigation, one of three Atlantic-Fokker C-2 tri-motor transport aircraft developed for the Air Corps from the civilian Fokker F.VIIa/3m airliner design. Its two-ton carrying capacity gave it the ability to carry sufficient fuel for the 2,500 miles (4,000 km) flight and its three motors provided an acceptable safety factor in the event one engine failed. Moreover, although modified for the long distance flight, the C-2 was a widely used standard design, demonstrating the practicality of flying long distances. Although the recognition accorded Maitland and Hegenberger was less in comparison with the extensive adulation given to Charles Lindbergh for his transatlantic flight only five weeks earlier, their feat was arguably more significant from a navigational standpoint. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/frontiers-of-flight-aviation-history-tv-series-dvd-mp4-download-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Meet George Washington: The Man Behind Myth + Bonus MP4 Download DVD
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1776: The Age Of Enlightenment (The Enlightenment, The Age Of Reason): The Age Of Revolution: The Atlantic Revolutions: The American Enlightenment: The American Revolution: The American Revolutionary War: British Spies During The American Revolution: British Spies Executed During The American Revolution: -- #DOTD: Thomas Hickey, Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington, becomes the first person executed in the Continental Army for "mutiny, sedition, and treachery" when he is hanged for mutiny and sedition. Born in Ireland, he came to America as a soldier in the British Army and fought as personal assistant to Major General William Johnson in the Seven Years' War, but deserted to the other side when the Revolution broke out. He became part of the Life Guard, which protected General George Washington, his staff, and the Continental Army's payroll. Hickey was jailed for passing counterfeit money. He was tried and executed for mutiny and sedition, and he may have been involved in an assassination plot against George Washington in 1776. #ThomasHickey #Traitors #GeorgeWashington #ContinentalArmy #AmericanRevolutionaryWar #ThirteenColonies #AmericanHistory #USHistory #HistoryOfTheUS #WesternCulture #WesternCivilization #OccidentalCulture #WesternWorld #WesternSociety #WesternTradition #StoryOfCivilization #MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/meet-george-washington-the-man-behind-myth-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Eamon de Valera Documentary DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1922: 20th Century Civil Wars (Civil Wars Of The 20th Century): Ireland: The History Of Ireland: Irish Nationalism: The Irish Revolutionary Period (1912-1923): The Irish Civil War (Irish: Cogadh Cathartha na hEireann) (June 28, 1922 - May 24, 1923): The Battle Of Dublin (June 28 - July 5, 1922: -- The Irish Civil War begins with The Battle Of Dublin, which started with the shelling and assault of The Four Courts (Irish: Na Ceithre Cuirteanna) in Dublin -- Ireland's most prominent courts building, which contains Ireland's Supreme Court, The Court Of Appeal, The High Court and The Dublin Circuit Court -- by forces of The Provisional Government (Irish: Rialtas Sealadach na hEireann), the provisional government for the administration of Southern Ireland from January 16, 1922 to December 5, 1922, which government ultimately become The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstat Eireann); the week-long street battles of The Battle Of Dublin ended in a decisive victory for the Provisional Government. The Irish Civil War followed The Irish War Of Independence (January 21, 1919 - July 11, 1921) and accompanied the establishment of the Irish Free State, an entity independent from the United Kingdom but within the British Empire. The civil war was waged between two opposing groups over the terms of The Anglo-Irish Treaty --the Irish Nationalists, forces of The Provisional Government (Irish: Rialtas Sealadach na hEireann), the provisional government for the administration of Southern Ireland from January 16, 1922 to December 5, 1922, which government ultimately become The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstat Eireann), and The Irish Republicans, a rogue section of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) long with The Irish Citizen Army (ICA) (Irish: Arm Cathartha na hEireann) who supported the IRA in the O'Connell Street area (The Irish Republicans) on the other side. The 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty (Irish: An Conradh Angla-Eireannach), signed on December 8, 1921, was an agreement between the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and representatives of the Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of Independence and provided for the establishment of the Irish Free State within a year as a self-governing dominion within the "community of nations known as the British Empire", a status "the same as that of the Dominion of Canada", and provided Northern Ireland, which had been created by the Government of Ireland Act 1920, an option to opt out of the Irish Free State (Article 12), which the Parliament of Northern Ireland exercised. The forces of the Provisional Government (which became the Free State in December 1922) supported the Treaty, while the Republican opposition saw it as a betrayal of the Irish Republic (which had been proclaimed during the Easter Rising). Many of those who fought on both sides in the conflict had been members of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) during the War of Independence. The Civil War was won by the Free State forces, who benefitted from substantial quantities of weapons provided by the British Government. The conflict may have claimed more lives than The War Of Independence that preceded it, and left Irish society divided and embittered for generations. Today, two of the main political parties in the Republic Of Ireland, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, are direct descendants of the opposing sides of the war. #IrishCivilWar #CogadhCatharthaNaHEireann #Ireland #IrishFreeState #IrishRepublic #UK #BritishEmpire #IrishRepublicanism #IrishNationalism #AngloIrishTreaty #IrishRepublicanArmy #IRA #ProvisionalGovernmentOfIreland #FiannaFail #FineGael #FiannaEireann #SinnFein #EamonDeValera #MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/eamon-de-valera-dvd-irish-civil-war-leader-and-president.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Birth Of Europe: Ice Age To 20th Century DVD, Video Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1926: Automotive History: The History Of The Automobile: The History Of The Automotive Industry: Mergers And Acquisitions (M & A): Daimler-Benz (Mercedes-Benz): -- Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz merge their two companies to form Daimler-Benz, whose popular Mercedes-Benz branded vehicles produced in that year, named for the daughter of the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG) automobile entrepreneur Emil Jellinek (April 6, 1853 - January 21, 1918, known after 1903 as Emil Jellinek-Mercedes) who commissioned the first modern automobile, the Mercedes 35hp, led to the company being renamed Mercedes-Benz. Commonly referred to as Mercedes and sometimes as Benz, Mercedes-Benz remains a German luxury and commercial vehicle automotive brand. Mercedes-Benz AG (a Mercedes-Benz Group subsidiary established in 2019) is headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. Mercedes-Benz AG produces consumer luxury vehicles and commercial vehicles badged as Mercedes-Benz. From November 2019 onwards, Mercedes-Benz-badged heavy commercial vehicles (trucks and buses) are managed by Daimler Truck, a former part of the Mercedes-Benz Group turned into an independent company in late 2021. In 2018, Mercedes-Benz was the largest brand of premium vehicles in the world, having sold 2.31 million passenger cars. The brand's origins lie in Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft's 1901 Mercedes and Carl Benz's 1886 Benz Patent-Motorwagen, which is widely regarded as the first internal combustion engine in a self-propelled automobile. The slogan for the brand is "the best or nothing". On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-birth-of-europe-european-history-from-the-ice-age-to-20th-centu20.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Ten From Your Show Of Shows - Sid Caesar TV Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1926: #BOTD: #HBD! Mel Brooks, American actor, writer, screenwriter producer, film director, filmmakers, comedian, and composer is #born Melvin Kaminsky on a tenement kitchen table in Brownsville, Brooklyn, New York City into the Jewish family of Kate (nee Brookman) Kaminsky, whose family were Jews from Kyiv in the Pale of Settlement of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine), and Max Kaminsky, whose family were German Jews from Danzig (Gdansk, Poland). He grew up in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. Mel Brooks is known as a creator of broad film farces and comic parodies. Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for the early TV variety show Your Show of Shows. He created, with Buck Henry, the hit television comedy series Get Smart, which ran from 1965 to 1970. In middle age, Brooks became one of the most successful film directors of the 1970s, with many of his films being among the top 10 moneymakers of the year they were released. His best-known films include The Producers, The Twelve Chairs, Blazing Saddles, Young Frankenstein, Silent Movie, High Anxiety, History of the World, Part I, Spaceballs and Robin Hood: Men in Tights. A musical adaptation of his first film, The Producers, ran on Broadway, from 2001 to 2007. In 2001, having previously won an Emmy, a Grammy and an Oscar, he joined a small list of EGOT winners with his Tony Award for The Producers. He received a Kennedy Center Honor in 2009, a Hollywood Walk of Fame star in 2010, the 41st AFI Life Achievement Award in June 2013, a British Film Institute Fellowship in March 2015, a National Medal of Arts in September 2016, and a BAFTA Fellowship in February 2017. Three of his films ranked in the American Film Institute's list of the top 100 comedy films of the past 100 years (1900-2000), all of which ranked in the top 15 of the list: Blazing Saddles at number 6, The Producers at number 11, and Young Frankenstein at number 13. Brooks was married to Oscar, Emmy, and Tony-winning actress, Anne Bancroft, from 1964 until her death in 2005. #MelBrooks #Actors #Writers #Screenwriters #FilmDirectors #Filmmakers #Comedians #Composers #Movies #Film #MotionPictures #Hollywood #ClassicalHollywoodCinema #ClassicalHollywoodNarrative #ClassicHollywoodCinema #GoldenAgeOfHollywood #OldHollywood #SilverScreen #TV #Television #TVShows #TelevisionShows #TVInTheUS #TelevisionInTheUS #YourShowOfShows #GetSmart #TheProducers #TheTwelveChairs #BlazingSaddles #YoungFrankenstein #SilentMovie #HighAnxiety #HistoryOfTheWorldPartI #SpaceBalls #RobinHooldMenInTights #MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/ten-from-your-show-of-shows-tv-show-movie-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Babes In Toyland 1986 Keanu Reeves Drew Barrymore DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1932: #BOTD: #HBD! Pat Morita, Japanese American actor, voice actor, comedian, and martial artist (d. November 24, 2005) is #born Noriyuki Morita as a Nisei (Japanese: "second generation"), an ethnically Japanese child born to Japanese-born immigrants, in Isleton, California. He was known for his roles as Matsuo "Arnold" Takahashi on Happy Days (1975-1983), Mr. Miyagi in The Karate Kid film series, Mike Woo in The Mystery Files of Shelby Woo, and The Emperor of China in Mulan and Mulan II. Morita was nominated for the 1985 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of Mr. Miyagi in The Karate Kid. Morita also portrayed Ah Chew in Sanford and Son (1974-1976). Morita was the series lead actor in the television program Mr. T and Tina (1976) and in Ohara (1987-1988), a police-themed drama. The two shows made history for being among the few TV shows with an Asian American series lead. Morita developed spinal tuberculosis (Pott disease) at the age of two and spent the bulk of the next nine years in the Weimar Institute in Weimar, California, and later at the Shriners Hospital in San Francisco. For long periods he was wrapped in a full-body cast and was told that he would never walk. During his time at a sanatorium near Sacramento, Morita befriended a visiting priest who would often joke that, if Morita ever converted to Catholicism, the priest would rename him to "Patrick Aloysius Ignatius Xavier Noriyuki Morita". Released from the hospital at age 11 after undergoing extensive spinal surgery and learning how to walk, Morita was transported from the hospital directly to the Gila River camp in Arizona to join his interned family. After about a year and a half, he was transferred to the Tule Lake War Relocation Center. For a time after the war, the family operated Ariake Chop Suey, a restaurant in Sacramento, California. Morita would entertain customers with jokes and serve as master of ceremonies for group dinners. Morita began working as a stand-up comic after graduating from Armijo High School in Fairfield, California. He took the stage name "Pat Morita", in part due to the presence of comedians including Pat Henry and Pat Cooper, and in part due to memories of the priest he had befriended as a boy. Morita struggled for many years in comedy. Sally Marr, Lenny Bruce's mother, acted as his agent and manager in his early days. Morita sometimes worked as the opening act for singers Vic Damone and Connie Stevens and for his mentor, the comedian Redd Foxx. Foxx later gave him a role on his sitcom Sanford and Son in the early 1970s. Morita's first movie roles were as a henchman in Thoroughly Modern Millie (1967) and a similar role in The Shakiest Gun In The West (1968), starring Don Knotts. Later, a recurring role as South Korean Army Captain Sam Pak on the sitcom M*A*S*H (1973, 1974) helped advance the comedian's acting career. He also was cast as Rear Admiral Ryunosuke Kusaka in the war film Midway (1976). He had a recurring role on the show Happy Days as Matsuo "Arnold" Takahashi, owner of the diner Arnold's for the show's third season (1975-1976) and made guest appearances in 1977 and 1979. After the season's end, he left the show to star as inventor Taro Takahashi in his own show Mr. T and Tina, the first Asian-American sitcom on network TV. The sitcom was placed on Saturday nights by ABC and was quickly canceled after a month in the fall of 1976. Morita revived the character of Arnold on Blansky's Beauties in 1977 and eventually returned to Happy Days for the 1982-1983 season. Morita had another notable recurring television role on Sanford and Son (1974-1976) as Ah Chew, a good-natured friend of Lamont Sanford. Morita gained particular fame playing wise karate teacher Mr. Miyagi, who taught young "Daniel-san" (Ralph Macchio) the art of Goju-ryu karate in The Karate Kid. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and a corresponding Golden Globe Award, reprising his role in three sequels: The Karate Kid Part II (1986), The Karate Kid Part III (1989) and The Next Karate Kid (1994), the last of which starred Hilary Swank instead of Macchio. Though he was never a student of karate, he learned all that was required for the films. Although he had been using the name Pat for years, producer Jerry Weintraub suggested that he be billed with his given name to sound "more ethnic." Morita put this advice into practice and was recognized as Noriyuki "Pat" Morita at the 57th Academy Awards ceremony. Weintraub did not want to cast Morita for the part of Mr. Miyagi, wanting a dramatic actor for the part and labeling Morita a comedic actor. Morita eventually tested five times before Weintraub himself offered him the role. Morita went on to play Tommy Tanaka in the Kirk Douglas-starring television movie Amos, receiving his first Primetime Emmy Award nomination and second Golden Globe Award nomination for the role. He then starred in the ABC detective show Ohara (1987-1988); it was cancelled after one season due to poor ratings. He then wrote and starred in the World War II romance film Captive Hearts (1987). Morita hosted the educational home video series Britannica's Tales Around the World (1990-1991). Later in his career Morita starred on the Nickelodeon television series The Mystery Files of Shelby Woo (1996-1998), and had a recurring role on the sitcom The Hughleys (2000). He also made a guest appearance on a 1996 episode of Married... with Children. He went on to star in the short film Talk To Taka as a sushi chef who doles out advice to anyone who will hear him. Morita voiced the Emperor of China in Disney's 36th animated feature Mulan (1998) and reprised the role in Mulan II (2004), a direct-to-video sequel and Kingdom Hearts II. Morita had a cameo appearance in the 2001 Alien Ant Farm music video "Movies". Morita's appearance in the video spoofed his role in The Karate Kid. In 2002, he made a guest appearance on an episode of Spy TV. In 2003, he had a cameo on an episode of Yes, Dear, as an unnamed karate teacher, potentially being Miyagi. He would also reprise his role (to an extent) in the stop-motion animated series Robot Chicken in 2005. One of Morita's last television roles was as Master Udon on the 2006 SpongeBob SquarePants Season 4 episode, "Karate Island". The episode was dedicated to him, airing about 6 months after his death. One of his last film roles was in the independent feature film Only the Brave (2006), about the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, where he plays the father of lead actor (and director) Lane Nishikawa. About this time he also starred in a Michael Sajbel movie called Remove All Obstacles (2010) as a cold storage guru. This was a 9-minute industrial short advertising doors used for cold storage warehouses. Pat also took a small role in the independent film Act Your Age, filmed in central Illinois and released in April 2011. His last movie was Royal Kill (2009), starring Eric Roberts, Gail Kim, and Lalaine, directed by Babar Ahmed. Morita died of kidney failure on November 24, 2005, at his home in Las Vegas, Nevada at the age of 73. He was survived by Evelyn Guerrero (best known for portraying "Donna" in three Cheech and Chong movies and the first Latina to pose in 1980 in "Playboy" magazine), his wife for 11 years, and three daughters from his previous marriage. He was cremated at Palm Green Valley Mortuary and Cemetery in Las Vegas, Nevada, and the ashes were given to his widow Evelyn Guerrero. #PatMorita #Actors #VoiceActors #VoicesArtists #Comedians #StandUp #MartialArtists #JapaneseAmericans #PottDisease #WeimarInstitute #ShrinersHospitalsForChildren #GilaRiverWarRelocationCenter #JapaneseInternment #JapaneseAmericanInternment #InternmentOfJapaneseAmericans #TuleLakeWarRelocationCenter #AriakeChopSuey #ReddFoxx #SanfordAndSon #AhChew #DonKnotts #MASH #Midway1976Film #ArnoldTakahashi #HappyDays #MrTAndTina #MrMiyagi #TheKarateKid #Ohara #BabesInToyland #CaptiveHeartsFilm #MysteryFilesOfShelbyWoo #Mulan #EvelynGuerrero #PalmGreenValleyMortuaryAndCemetery #LasVegas #Movies #Film #MotionPictures #Hollywood #TV #Television #TVShows #TelevisionShows #TVInTheUS #TelevisionInTheUS #TVStars #CulturalIcons #MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/babes-in-toyland-1986--keanu-reeves-drew-barrymore-dvd-mp19864.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Cinderella 1957 Rodgers & Hammerstein Julie Andrews DVD Download USB
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1902: #BOTD: #HBD! Richard Rodgers, American playwright and composer, known largely for his work in musical theater (d. December 30, 1979) is #born Richard Charles Rodgers into a prosperous German Jewish family in Arverne, Queens, New York City, he had 43 Broadway musicals and over 900 songs to his credit. He is considered one of the most significant American composers of the 20th century, and his compositions had a significant impact on popular music. He is best known for his songwriting partnerships with the lyricist Lorenz Hart, with whom he wrote several musicals throughout the 1920s and 1930s, including Pal Joey, A Connecticut Yankee, On Your Toes and Babes in Arms; and Oscar Hammerstein II, with whom he wrote musicals through the 1940s and 1950s such as Oklahoma!, Flower Drum Song, Carousel, South Pacific, The King and I, and The Sound of Music. His collaborations with Hammerstein, in particular, are celebrated for bringing the Broadway musical to a new maturity by telling stories that were focused around characters and drama rather than the light-hearted entertainment that the genre was known for beforehand. Rodgers was the first person to win all of what are considered the top American entertainment awards in theater, film, recording, and television - a Tony, an Oscar, a Grammy, and an Emmy - now known collectively as an EGOT. In addition, he was awarded a Pulitzer Prize, making him one of only two people to receive all five awards (Marvin Hamlisch is the other). In 1978, Rodgers was awarded The Kennedy Center Honors for his lifetime achievement in the arts. Richard Rodgers died in New York City aged 77 after surviving cancer of the jaw, a heart attack, and a laryngectomy. He was cremated, and his ashes were scattered at sea. #RichardRodgers #Playwrights #Composers #Songwriters #Jews #MusicalTheatre #Musicals #Broadway #Theater #Theatre #Stage #TV #Television #TVShows #TelevisionShows #VictoryAtSea #Music #AmericanMusic #MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/cinderella-1957-rodgers-amp-hammerstein-julie-andrews-dvd-download1957.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Rolling Stones Live In Honolulu 6-28-66 MP3 Download Or MP3 CD
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1966: Aesthetics: Performing Arts: Finales: Musical Finales: American Musical Finales: Grand Finales: The Rolling Stones' 1966 American Tour: The Rolling Stones Live In Honolulu: -- The Rolling Stones Live In Honolulu concert occurs, the last gig of the tour, at The International Center in Honolulu, Hawaii, the climax of their 1966 American promotion tour for their latest album "Aftermath". It was broadcast on and recorded by Hawaiian radio station KPOI-FM. Aftermath is the fourth studio album by the English rock band the Rolling Stones. The group recorded the album at RCA Studios in California in December 1965 and March 1966, during breaks between their international tours. It was released in the United Kingdom on April 15, 1966 by Decca Records and in the United States in late June by London Records. It is the band's fourth British and sixth American studio album, and closely follows a series of international hit singles that helped bring the Stones newfound wealth and fame rivalling that of their contemporaries the Beatles. Aftermath is considered by music scholars to be an artistic breakthrough for the Rolling Stones. It is their first album to consist entirely of original compositions, all of which were credited to Mick Jagger and Keith Richards. The band's original leader Brian Jones reemerged as a key contributor and experimented with instruments not usually associated with popular music, including the sitar, Appalachian dulcimer, Japanese koto and marimbas, as well as playing guitar and harmonica. Along with Jones' instrumental textures, the Stones incorporated a wider range of chords and stylistic elements beyond their Chicago blues and R & B influences, such as pop, folk, country, psychedelia, Baroque and Middle Eastern music. Influenced by intense love affairs, tensions within the group and a demanding touring itinerary, Jagger and Richards wrote the album around psychodramatic themes of love, sex, desire, power and dominance, hate, obsession, modern society and rock stardom. Women feature as prominent characters in their often dark, sarcastic, casually offensive lyrics. The album's release was briefly delayed by controversy over the original packaging idea and title - Could You Walk on the Water? - due to the London label's fear of offending Christians in the US with its allusion to Jesus walking on water. In response to the lack of creative control, and without another idea for the title, the Stones bitterly settled on Aftermath, and two different photos of the band were used for the cover to each edition of the album. The UK release featured a run-time of more than 52 minutes, the longest for a popular music LP up to that point. The American edition was issued with a shorter track listing, substituting the single "Paint It Black" in place of four of the British version's songs, in keeping with the industry preference for shorter LPs in the US market at the time. Aftermath was an immediate commercial success in both the UK and the US, topping the British albums chart for eight consecutive weeks and eventually achieving platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America. An inaugural release of the album era and a rival to the contemporaneous impact of the Beatles' Rubber Soul (1965), it reflected the youth culture and values of 1960s Swinging London and the burgeoning counterculture while attracting thousands of new fans to the Rolling Stones. The album was also highly successful with critics, although some listeners were offended by the derisive attitudes towards female characters in certain songs. Its subversive music solidified the band's rebellious rock image while pioneering the darker psychological and social content that glam rock and British punk rock would explore in the 1970s. Aftermath has since been considered the most important of the Stones' early, formative music and their first classic album, frequently ranking on professional lists of the greatest albums. KPOI-FM (105.9 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Honolulu, Hawaii, known as "105.9 The Wave, Hawaii's Relaxing Favorites." The Pacific Media Group outlet broadcasts a soft adult contemporary radio format, switching to Christmas music for part of November and December. The radio studios are in Downtown Honolulu. KPOI-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts horizontal polarization, 92,000 watts vertical. The transmitter is on Palehua Road in Akupu, amid the towers for other Honolulu-area FM and TV stations. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-rolling-stones-live-in-honolulu-6-28-66-mp3-download-or-mp3-cd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Television: A History Of Broadcast TV DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1946: #BOTD: #HBD! Gilda Radner, American actress and comedian who was one of the seven original cast members for the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live (SNL) (d. May 20, 1989) is #born Gilda Susan Radner in Detroit, Michigan, to Jewish parents, Henrietta (nee Dworkin), a legal secretary, and Herman Radner, a businessman. Gilda Radner's routines specialized in parodies of television stereotypes, such as advice specialists and news anchors, and in 1977, she won an Emmy Award for her performances on the show. She also portrayed those characters in her highly successful one-woman show on Broadway in 1979. Radner's SNL work established her as an iconic figure in the history of American comedy. She died from ovarian cancer at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California at the age of 42. Her autobiography dealt frankly with her life, work, and personal struggles, including those with the illness. Her widower, Gene Wilder, carried out her personal wish that information about her illness would help other cancer victims, founding and inspiring organizations that emphasize early diagnosis, hereditary factors and support for cancer victims. She was born Gilda Susan Radner in Detroit, Michigan, to Jewish parents, Henrietta (nee Dworkin), a legal secretary, and Herman Radner, a businessman. Gilda Radner's routines specialized in parodies of television stereotypes, such as advice specialists and news anchors, and in 1977, she won an Emmy Award for her performances on the show. She also portrayed those characters in her highly successful one-woman show on Broadway in 1979. Radner's SNL work established her as an iconic figure in the history of American comedy. Gilda Radner died from ovarian cancer at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California at the age of 42. She is buried at Long Ridge Union Cemetery in Stamford, Connecticut. She was posthumously awarded a Grammy Award in 1990. Radner was inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame in 1992; and she posthumously received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2003. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/television-1988-tv-documentary-series-8-shows-4-dual-laye198884.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Monarchy: British Royal Family History TV Series DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026

June 28, 1838: The History Of The United Kingdom: Governments Of The United Kingdom: The Monarchy Of The United Kingdom (The British Monarchy): Royal Accessions: Successions To The British Throne: Coronations: The Coronation Of Queen Victoria: -- One year and eight days after her accession to the British throne on June 20, 1837, Alexandrina Victoria Hanover is crowned Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Ireland in Westminster Abbey after a public procession through the streets from Buckingham Palace, .to which the Queen returned later as part of a second procession. Planning for the coronation, led by the prime minister, Lord Melbourne, began at Cabinet level in March 1838. In the face of various objections from numerous parties, the Cabinet announced on Saturday, April 7, that the coronation would be at the end of the parliamentary session in June. It was budgeted at 70K PS, which was more than double the cost of the "cut-price" 1831 coronation, but considerably less than the 240K spent when George IV was crowned in July 1821. A key element of the plan was presentation of the event to a wider public. By 1838, the newly built railways were able to deliver huge numbers of people into London and it has been estimated that some 400,000 visitors arrived to swell the crowds who thronged the streets while the two processions took place and filled the parks where catering and entertainment were provided. Hyde Park was the scene of a huge fair, including a balloon ascent. The fair was scheduled to take place over two days, but was in the end extended by popular demand to four days. Green Park featured a firework display the night after the ceremony. The coronation coincided with a period of fine weather and the whole event was generally considered a great success by both the press and the wider public, although those inside the Abbey witnessed a good deal of mishap and confusion, largely due to lack of rehearsal time. In the country at large, there was opposition to the coronation by Radicals, especially in the North of England. Queen Victoria (May 24, 1819 - January 22 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Ireland from June 20 1837 until her death; Victoria adopted the additional title of Empress Of India on May 1, 1876. Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the Duke of Kent and King George III died in 1820, and Victoria was raised under close supervision by her German-born mother, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She inherited the throne at the age of 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all died, leaving no surviving legitimate children. The United Kingdom was already an established constitutional monarchy, in which the sovereign held relatively little direct political power. Privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality. Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe". After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. As a result of her seclusion, republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign her popularity recovered. Her Golden and Diamond Jubilees were times of public celebration. Her reign of 63 years and seven months was longer than that of any of her predecessors, and is known as the Victorian era. It was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. She was the last British monarch of the House Of Hanover. Her son and successor, Edward VII, initiated the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the line of his father. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-monarchy-3-part-british-royal-family-tv-series-dvd-mp4-u34.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Portraits Of American Presidents Nos. 1-42 TV Series MP4 Download DVD
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1836: #DOTD: #RIP: James Madison, American statesman and Founding Father who served as the fourth President of the United States from 1809 to 1817 (b. March 16, 1751) #dies in the morning of congestive heart failure aged 85 in Montpelier, Virginia. According to one common account of his final moments, he was given his breakfast, which he tried eating but was unable to swallow. His favorite niece, Nellie Madison Willis, who sat by to keep him company, asked him, "What is the matter, Uncle James?" Madison died immediately after he replied, "Nothing more than a change of mind, my dear." He was buried in the family cemetery at Montpelier. He was one of the last prominent members of the Revolutionary War generation to die. His last will and testament left significant sums to the American Colonization Society, Princeton, and the University of Virginia, as well as 30K USD(897K USD in 2021) to his wife, Dolley. Left with a smaller sum than James had intended, Dolley suffered financial troubles until her death in 1849. In the 1840s Dolley sold Montpelier, its remaining slaves, and the furnishings to pay off outstanding debts. Paul Jennings, one of Madison's younger slaves, later recalled in his 1865 memoir "A Colored Man's Reminiscences of James Madison": "In the last days of her life, before Congress purchased her husband's papers, she was in a state of absolute poverty, and I think sometimes suffered for the necessaries of life. While I was a servant to Mr. Webster, he often sent me to her with a market-basket full of provisions, and told me whenever I saw anything in the house that I thought she was in need of, to take it to her. I often did this, and occasionally gave her small sums from my own pocket, though I had years before bought my freedom of her." James Madison was born James Madison Jr. in Port Conway, Virginia. James Madison Jr. is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the United States Constitution, and for his role in drafting the first ten amendments to the Constitution during the 1st Congress, Madison is known as the "Father of the Bill Of Rights". Born into a prominent Virginia planting family, Madison served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates and the Continental Congress during and after the American Revolutionary War. In the late 1780s, he helped organize the Constitutional Convention, which produced a new constitution to supplant the ineffective Articles Of Confederation. After the Convention, Madison became one of the leaders in the movement to ratify the Constitution, and his collaboration with Alexander Hamilton produced The Federalist Papers, among the most important treatises in support of the Constitution. After the ratification of the Constitution in 1788, Madison won election to the United States House Of Representatives. While simultaneously serving as a close adviser to President George Washington, Madison emerged as one of the most prominent members of the 1st Congress, helping to pass several bills establishing the new government. Though he had played a major role in the enactment of a new constitution that created a stronger federal government, Madison opposed the centralization of power sought by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton during Washington's presidency. To oppose Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson and Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party, which became one of the nation's two first major political parties alongside Hamilton's Federalist Party. After Jefferson won the 1800 presidential election, Madison served as Jefferson's Secretary Of State from 1801 to 1809. In this role, Madison supervised the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the nation's size. Madison succeeded Jefferson with a victory in the 1808 presidential election, and he won re-election in 1812. After the failure of diplomatic protests and a trade embargo against the United Kingdom, he led the U.S. into the War Of 1812. The war was an administrative morass, as the United States had neither a strong army nor financial system. As a result, Madison came to support a stronger national government and military, as well as the national bank, which he had long opposed. Historians have generally ranked Madison as an above-average president. He played an important role in the formation of the new U.S. Constitution following the American Revolutionary War. During the War Of 1812, President Madison was forced to flee Washington, D.C,. while the British attacked and burned the White House and other important public buildings. https://store.earthstation1.com/portraits-of-american-presidents-nos-142-tv-series-mp4-download1424.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Trial Of George Washington TV Dramatization DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1778: The Age Of Enlightenment (The Enlightenment, The Age Of Reason): The Age Of Revolution: The Atlantic Revolutions: The American Enlightenment: The American Revolution: The American Revolutionary War: New Jersey In The American Revolution: Battles Of The American Revolutionary War In New Jersey: The Battle Of Monmouth (The Battle Of Monmouth Court House): -- The American Continentals engage the British in the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse resulting in standstill and British withdrawal under cover of darkness. It pitted the Continental Army, commanded by General George Washington, against the British Army in North America, commanded by General Sir Henry Clinton. It was the last battle of the Philadelphia campaign, begun the previous year, during which the British had inflicted two major defeats on Washington and occupied Philadelphia. Washington had spent the winter at Valley Forge rebuilding his army and defending his position against political enemies who favored his replacement as commander-in-chief. In February 1778, the Franco-American alliance tilted the strategic balance in favor of the Americans, forcing the British to abandon hopes of a military victory and adopt a defensive strategy. Clinton was ordered to evacuate Philadelphia and consolidate his army. The Continental Army shadowed the British as they marched across New Jersey to Sandy Hook, from where the Royal Navy would ferry them to New York. Washington's senior officers urged varying degrees of caution, but it was politically important for him not to allow the British to withdraw unscathed. Washington detached around a third of his army and sent it ahead under the command of Major General Charles Lee, hoping to land a heavy blow on the British without becoming embroiled in a major engagement. The battle began badly for the Americans when Lee botched an attack on the British rearguard at Monmouth Court House. A counter-attack by the main British column forced Lee to retreat until Washington arrived with the main body. Clinton disengaged when he found Washington in an unassailable defensive position and resumed the march to Sandy Hook. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-trial-of-george-washington-dvd-tv-dramatization.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Secret War Historic WWII TV Series + Bonus Title DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1974: #DOTD: #RIP: Vannevar Bush, American academic, engineer, inventor and science administrator, head of the U.S. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD), through which almost all World War II military research and development was carried out, founding member of the secret Majestic 12 (MJ12) group that managed the Roswell UFO incident and all things involving UFOs and extraterrestrials afterward (b. March 11, 1890) #dies from pneumonia in Belmont, Massachusetts after suffering a stroke at the age of 84. He is buried at South Dennis Cemetery in South Dennis, Massachusetts, after a private funeral service. At a public memorial subsequently held by MIT, Jerome Wiesner declared "No American has had greater influence in the growth of science and technology than Vannevar Bush". Vannevar Bush was born in Everett, Massachusetts. Vannevar Bush headed the OSRD) when important developments in radar and the initiation and early administration of the Manhattan Project occurred. He emphasized the importance of scientific research to national security and economic well-being, and was chiefly responsible for the movement that led to the creation of the National Science Foundation. Bush joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1919, and founded the company that became the Raytheon Company in 1922. Bush became vice president of MIT and dean of the MIT School of Engineering in 1932, and president of the Carnegie Institution of Washington in 1938. During his career, Bush patented a string of his own inventions. He is known particularly for his engineering work on analog computers, particularly for the memex, a hypothetical electromechanical device for interacting with microform documents described in Vannevar Bush's 1945 article "As We May Think". Bush envisioned the memex as a device in which individuals would compress and store all of their books, records, and communications, "mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility"; the concept of the memex influenced the development of early hypertext systems, eventually leading to the creation of the World Wide Web, and personal knowledge base software. Starting in 1927, Bush constructed a differential analyzer, an analog computer with some digital components that could solve differential equations with as many as 18 independent variables. An offshoot of the work at MIT by Bush and others was the beginning of digital circuit design theory. Bush was appointed to the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1938, and soon became its chairman. As chairman of the National Defense Research Committee (NDRC), and later director of OSRD, Bush coordinated the activities of some six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare. Bush was a well-known policymaker and public intellectual during World War II, when he was in effect the first presidential science advisor. As head of NDRC and OSRD, he initiated the Manhattan Project, and ensured that it received top priority from the highest levels of government. In Science, The Endless Frontier, his 1945 report to the President of the United States, Bush called for an expansion of government support for science, and he pressed for the creation of the National Science Foundation. Majestic 12, also known as MJ-12 for short, is a code name of a secret committee of scientists, military leaders, and government officials, formed in 1947 by an executive order by U.S. President Harry S. Truman to facilitate recovery and investigation of alien spacecraft. The concept originated in a series of both authentic and doctored leaked secret government documents first circulated by ufologists in 1984. While the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) declared the documents to be "completely bogus", and many ufologists consider them to be an elaborate hoax, the information contained within them yielded literally hundreds of successful FOIA requests revealing previously unknown matters which would not have come to light had it not been for these documents. Majestic 12 remains a popular subject among UFO enthusiasts, and the concept has appeared in popular culture including television, film and literature. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-secret-war-wwii-weaponry-tv-series-all-7-episodes-2-dv72.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Road To War: Years Between WWI & WWII TV Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1936: China: The History Of China: The Century Of Humiliation (The Hundred Years Of National Humiliation): Actions In Inner Mongolia (The Inner Mongolian Campaign) (1933-1936): Mengjiang (Mengkiang, Mongukuo, Mengguguo, Mengkukuo): -- The Japanese puppet state of Mengjiang is formed in the Inner Mongolia territory of northern China. Following Japan's occupation of Manchuria in 1931 and the establishment of the puppet state of Manchukuo, Japan sought to expand its influence in Mongolia and North China. In a series of actions, starting in 1933, the armies of Manchukuo and Japan occupied Chahar (Chaha'er, Chakhar, Qahar), a province of the Republic of China named after the Chahar Mongols that was in existence from 1912 to 1936, mostly covering territory in what is part of Eastern Inner Mongolia, and in 1936 proclaimed itself the independent Mongol Military Government. Ultimately, Mengjiang, also known in English as Mongol Border Land or the Mongol United Autonomous Government, was an autonomous area in Inner Mongolia, existing initially as a puppet state of the Empire Of Japan before being under nominal Chinese sovereignty of the Nanjing Nationalist Government of the Wang Jingwei Regime from 1940 (which itself was a puppet state). Formed in 1939, it consisted of the then-Chinese provinces of Chahar and Suiyuan, corresponding to the central part of modern Inner Mongolia. It has also been called Mongukuo or Mengguguo (Chinese: Mengkukuo), in analogy to Manchukuo, another Japanese puppet state in Manchuria. The capital was Kalgan, from where it was ruled by the Mongol nobleman Prince Demchugdongrub. The territory returned to Chinese control after the defeat of the Japanese Empire in 1945. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-road-to-war-dvd-set-all-8-tv-shows-4-dis84.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Golden Age Of Comedy 5 Album Set CD, MP3, USB Stick
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1930: #DOTD: #RIP: Joe Schenck (pronounced "Skenk"), tenor singer and comedian, member of the popular vaudeville duo Van and Schenck (b. Joseph Thuma Schenck (pronounced "Skenk") June 2, 1891) #dies of heart disease in Detroit, Michigan, aged 39. He is buried at The Evergreens Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York. Joe Schenck was born Joseph Thuma Schenck in Brooklyn. Along with his partner, baritone singer Gus Van (born August Von Glahn, August 12, 1886 - March 12, 1968), Van and Schenck were vaudeville stars in the 1910s and 1920s and made appearances in the Ziegfeld Follies of 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1921. They made numerous phonograph records for the Emerson, Victor, and Columbia record companies. https://store.earthstation1.com/golden-age-of-comedy-narrated-by-george-burns-5-album-set-mp3-53.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Legend Of Jewish Humor DVD, MP4 Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 2015: #DOTD: #RIP: Jack Carter, American actor, comedian and television presenter (b. June 24, 1922) #dies four days after his 93rd birthday, at his home in Beverly Hills, California, of respiratory failure. His remains were cremated, and the ashes given to his widow Roxanne Wander. Born Jack Chakrin in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, New York to a Jewish family, Carter had a long-running comedy act similar to fellow rapid-paced contemporaries Milton Berle and Morey Amsterdam. He served in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II. He hosted an early television variety program called Cavalcade of Stars on the DuMont Network. He was lured to NBC to host his own program titled The Jack Carter Show. Carter recommended Jackie Gleason take his place as host of Cavalcade of Stars, though DuMont did not hire Gleason until the network's choice, Jerry Lester, also jumped to NBC. The Jack Carter Show appeared under the banner of the Saturday Night Revue, NBC's 2 1/2 hour Saturday night programming slot. Carter hosted his show for one hour each week followed by the 90-minute Your Show of Shows starring Sid Caesar, Imogene Coca, Carl Reiner, and Howard Morris. Carter remained friends with Sid Caesar his entire life and delivered the eulogy at his funeral. His only major Broadway appearance was opposite Sammy Davis, Jr. in the 1956 musical Mr. Wonderful. He earlier replaced Phil Silvers in the Broadway show Top Banana. He was a frequent guest on The Ed Sullivan Show during the 1960s and early 1970s, and was known for his impression of Ed Sullivan. He appeared as himself (along with his then-wife Paula Stewart) in the comedy series The Joey Bishop Show. In the late 1960s, he was the host of a game-show pilot called Second Guessers. The pilot did not sell. He was also a frequent panelist on the television game show Match Game during the 1973-1974 season and again during the early 1980s. In 1975, he appeared as a guest star on the quiz show 10K USD Pyramid with contestant Liz Hogan Schultz, and appeared as the ill-fated mayor in the cult horror film Alligator in 1980. Starting in the 1970s, Carter was on more than ten Dean Martin Celebrity Roasts for some popular television stars and sports personalities. He made appearances on many television series, including Diagnosis: Unknown, The Dick Van Dyke Show, Combat!, Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, The Rockford Files, Cannon, The Wild Wild West, Tales of Tomorrow, The Kallikaks, The Ren and Stimpy Show, 7th Heaven, Diagnosis Murder, The Road West, Sanford and Son, Tattletales, Monk, Rules of Engagement, ICarly, Desperate Housewives, and Shameless and voice work on King of The Hill. His last round of work included a cameo on New Girl and a voice on Family Guy. He was a guest on Norm Macdonald's video podcast, Norm Macdonald Live in 2014. Carter died on June 28, 2015, four days after his 93rd birthday, at his home in Beverly Hills, California, of respiratory failure. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-legend-of-jewish-comedy-dvd-mp4-download-usb-flash-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The History Of Jazz A Video Retrospective DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1965: #DOTD: #RIP: Red Nichols, American jazz cornettist, composer, and jazz bandleader who over his long career recorded in a wide variety of musical styles (b. May 8, 1905) #dies aged 60 at the Mint Hotel in Las Vegas where Nichols took his Five Pennies band were performing,. He had chest pains while he was sleeping, phoned the front desk for help, but when the ambulance arrived, he was dead. The band performed as scheduled with a spotlight on Nichols' empty chair. He is buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles County, California. Red Nichols was born Ernest Loring Nichols in Ogden, Utah. He was nicknamed "Red" after his red wavy hair. His father was a college music professor, and Nichols was a child prodigy, because by twelve he was already playing difficult set pieces for his father's brass band. Young Nichols heard the early recordings of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, and later those of Bix Beiderbecke, and these had a strong influence on the young cornet player. His style became polished, clean and incisive. In the early 1920s, Nichols moved to the Midwest and joined a band called The Syncopating Seven. When that band broke up he joined the Johnny Johnson Orchestra and went with it to New York City in 1923. New York would remain his base for years thereafter. In New York he met and teamed up with trombonist Miff Mole, and the two of them were inseparable for the next decade. Prior to signing with Brunswick Records, Nichols and Mole recorded a series of records for Pathe-Perfect under the name The Red Heads (whose final Red Heads records overlapped his signing to Brunswick). Nichols had good technique, could read music, and easily gained session and studio work. In 1926 he and Miff Mole began a prodigious stint of recording with a variety of bands, most of them known as "Red Nichols and His Five Pennies". Very few of these groups were actually quintets; the name was simply a pun on "Nickel", since there were "five pennies" in a nickel. "That was only a number we tied in with my name", Nichols once explained. "We'd generally have eight or nine [musicians], depending on who was around for the session and what I was trying to do.". Nichols recorded over 100 sides for the Brunswick label under that band name. He also recorded under a number of other names, among them, The Arkansas Travelers, The California Red Heads, The Louisiana Rhythm Kings, The Charleston Chasers, Red and Miff's Stompers, and Miff Mole and His Little Molers. During some weeks in this period, Nichols and his bands were recording 10 to 12 records. His recordings of the late 1920s are regarded as the most progressive jazz of the period in both concept and execution, with wide-ranging harmonies and a balanced ensemble. However, they were small-band Dixieland groups, emphasizing collective improvisation and playing. They were different from Louis Armstrong's Hot Fives of that period. Nichols' band started out with Mole on trombone and Jimmy Dorsey on alto sax and clarinet. Other musicians who played for a time in his bands in the following decade were Benny Goodman (clarinet), Glenn Miller (trombone), Jack Teagarden (trombone), Pee Wee Russell (clarinet), Joe Venuti (violin), Eddie Lang (banjo and guitar), and Gene Krupa (drums). The Five Pennies' version of "Ida, Sweet as Apple Cider" was a surprise hit record. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA. Other labels Nichols recorded for included Edison 1926, Victor 1927, 1928, 1930, 1931 (individual sessions), Bluebird 1934, 1939, back to Brunswick for a session in 1934, Variety 1937, and finally OKeh in 1940. In the next decade, swing eclipsed the Dixieland Nichols loved to play. He tried to follow the changes, and formed a swing band of his own, but his recording career seemed to stall in 1932. Michael Brooks writes "What went wrong? Part of it was too much, too soon. Much of his vast recorded output was released in Europe, where he was regarded by early jazz critics as the equal, if not the superior, of Louis Armstrong and Bix Beiderbecke. People who make fools of themselves usually find a scapegoat, and when the critics were exposed to the music of Duke Ellington, Benny Carter, Coleman Hawkins and others they turned on Nichols and savaged him, trashing him as unfairly as they had revered him. Nichols' chief fault was an overly stiff, academic approach to jazz trumpet, but he did recognize merit as far as other jazz musicians were concerned and made some wonderful small group recordings.". Nichols kept himself alive during the first years of the Great Depression by playing in show bands and pit orchestras. He led Bob Hope's orchestra for a while, moving out to California. Nichols had married Willa Stutsman, a "stunning" George White's Scandals dancer, and they had a daughter. Their daughter came down with polio (misdiagnosed at first as spinal meningitis) in 1942, and Nichols quit a gig playing with Glen Gray and the Casa Loma Orchestra, leaving the music business to work in the wartime shipyards. On May 2, 1942, Nichols left his band to take an army commission, following completion of an engagement at Lantz's Merry-Go-Round, Dayton, Ohio. Unable to stay away from music, Nichols formed a new Five Pennies band and began playing small clubs in the Los Angeles area soon after the war ended. Before long the word was out and musicians began showing up, turning his gigs into jam sessions. Soon the little club dates were turning into more prestigious bookings at the chic Zebra Room, the Tudor Room of San Francisco's Palace Hotel, and Pasadena's posh Sheraton. He toured Europe as a goodwill ambassador for the State Department. Nichols and his band performed briefly, billed as themselves, in the 1950 film Quicksand, starring Mickey Rooney. In 1956 he was the subject of one of Ralph Edwards' This Is Your Life television shows, which featured his old buddies Miff Mole, Phil Harris, and Jimmy Dorsey, who praised Nichols as a bandleader who made sure everybody got paid. In 1965 Nichols took his Five Pennies band to Las Vegas, to play at the then-new Mint Hotel. He was only a few days into the date when, on June 28, 1965, he was sleeping in his suite and was awakened by paralyzing chest pains. He managed to call the front desk and an ambulance was summoned, but it arrived too late. That night the band went on as scheduled, but at the center of the band a spotlight pointed down at an empty chair in Nichols' customary spot. The 1959 Hollywood film The Five Pennies, the film biography of Red Nichols, starring Danny Kaye as Red Nichols, was very loosely based on Nichols' career. Nichols played his own cornet parts for the film, but did not appear on screen. The Paramount movie received four Academy Award nominations. "The Five Pennies" movie theme song was composed by Sylvia Fine, the wife of Danny Kaye. Nichols also made a cameo appearance in the biopic The Gene Krupa Story in 1959. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-history-of-jazz-by-billy-taylor-parts-i-amp-ii-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In MegaSet 2 Albums 2 Blooper Sets MP3 MP4 DVD
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1943: #BOTD: #HBD! Pamela Rodgers, American actress, comedian and beauty who rose to fame when she appeared in the third season on the NBC sketch comedy program Rowan and Martin' Laugh-In, known for The Maltese Bippy (1969), The Big Cube (1969) and Dr. Goldfoot and the Bikini Machine (1965), is #born Pamela Gail Rodgers in Harris, Texas. She was married (July 2, 1966 - July 1972) to successful Hollywood producer Jere Henshaw. After leaving the show, it appears her acting career ceased, and repeated attempts over the years to determine her fate have been unsuccessful. #PamelaRodgers #Actresses #Beauties #LaughIn #RowanAndMartinsLaughIn #RowanAndMartin #MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD https://store.earthstation1.com/rowan-and-martin-discount-set-2-albums-2-blooper-reel-sets-mp3-mp4-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Millhouse: A White Comedy (1971) Richard Nixon Farce MP4 Download DVD
Today, June 28, 2026
June 28, 1980: #DOTD: #RIP: Helen Gahagan Douglas, American actress whose portrayal of the villain in She (1935) inspired the Evil Queen in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), politician first elected to the United States Congress as a Representative Of California in 1944, and who in her 1950 U.S. Senate election campaign became famous as a symbol of modern political vitriol as both Gahagan Douglas's Democratic primary opponent Manchester Boddy and Republican Senatorial Candidate Richard M. Nixon both referred to her as "pink right down to her underwear", suggesting Communist sympathies (b. November 25, 1900) #dies in New York City aged 79 from breast and lung cancer, with her husband Melvyn Douglas by her side. Her remains were cremated, and the ashes given to her widow. Helen Gahagan Douglas was born Helen Mary Gahagan in Boonton, New Jersey, of Scotch-Irish descent. Gahagan Douglas's acting career included success on Broadway, as a touring opera singer, and in Hollywood film. She was the eldest daughter of Lillian Rose (Mussen) and Walter H. Gahagan, an engineer who owned a construction business in Brooklyn and a shipyard in Arverne, Queens; her mother had been a schoolteacher. During and after the Watergate scandal, bumper stickers featuring the legend "Don't blame me, I voted for Helen Gahagan Douglas" cropped up on cars in California. In October 1973, Gahagan Douglas was among the first women featured on the cover of Ms. magazine. At its 1979 commencement ceremonies, Barnard College awarded Gahagan Douglas its highest honor, the Barnard Medal of Distinction. She died the following year. https://store.earthstation1.com/millhouse-a-white-comedy-dvd-1971-richard-nixon-documen1971.html